Date Seeds (Phoenix dactylifera.L,) in Morocco: Phenolic Profiling and In vitro Antioxidant Potency
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i4.17
Keywords:
Date seeds, (Phoenix dactylifera L.), HPLC-DAD, phenolic acids, antioxidant activityAbstract
Date seeds are thus far the least studied part of the Phoenix dactylifera L. species, as they are usually discarded as waste despite their richness in functional and bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to assess the phytochemical compositions and in vitro antioxidant capacities of crude acetone extract from date seed powder in order to designate the most promising valorisation modes. Quantitative analysis using colorimetric and HPLC-DAD methods was conducted to determine the phytochemical profile of date seeds, while in vitro antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphényl 1-picrylhydrazyle), ABTS (2,2′-Azinobis-(3-Ethylbenzthiazolin-6-Sulfonic Acid)), FRAP (Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) and β-carotene methods. The phytochemical analysis showed that date seeds are a valuable resource for phenolic compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins and flavonols. The analysis of individual phenolic compounds using the HPLC-DAD method identified ten phenolic acids. The most abundant among them were p-coumaric acid, protocatechuic acid, rutin, caffeic acid and quercetin. Moreover, in vitro antioxidant activity showed that the acetone extracts exhibited a reducing antioxidant power, as well as an inhibition of lipid peroxidation using FRAP and β-carotene methods, respectively. In addition, acetone extracts also showed an efficient ability to scavenge free radicals. Rutin, p-coumaric acid and kaempferol were the compounds mostly involved in the inhibition of free radical scavenging activities. Furthermore, rutin showed a high inhibition of lipid peroxidation. These results strengthen the evidence that date seeds are rich in phytoconstituents with excellent antioxidant potency, which can be used for nutraceutical and medicinal applications.
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