Psychopharmacolgical Acitivities of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Saccharum officinarum doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v3i2.1
Main Article Content
Abstract
Saccharum officinarum L. (Poaceae) is used in Ibibio ethnomedicine for the treatment of various diseases such as CNS disorders. The ethanol leaf extract of Saccharum officinarum (170, 340 and 510 mg/kg) was investigated for antidepressant and anticonvulsant activities in Swiss albino mice (20-25 g). Open field, force swimming and tail suspension tests were used to assess antidepressant activity, while pentylenetetrazol and aminophylline-induced convulsion models were used to assess anticonvulsant activity. The extract significantly (p<0.05-0.01) decreased the frequency of line crossing, rearing and walling activities of mice in open field test and also
decreased significantly (p<0.05 - p<0.001) the duration of immobility of mice in forced swimming and tail suspension tests. The extract significantly (p<0.005 - p<0.001) offered protection against PTZ- and aminophylline-induced convulsions in mice. The findings of this
study suggest that the leaf extract of S. officinarum has antidepressant and anticonvulsant activities and these supports its use in ethnomedicine for the treatment of central nervous system disorders.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
The World Health Report. Mental health: new understanding new hope. Geneva: WHO; 2001.
Hartwell JL. Plants used against cancer. A survey. Lloydia 1967–1971. 30–34 p.
Palaksha MN, Ravishankar K, Girijasastry V. “Phytochemical screening and evaluation of in-vitro antibacterial and anthelmintic activities of Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts”. World J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013; 2(6):5761-5768.
Ojewunmi O, Oshodi T, Ogundele O, Micah C, Adenekan S. Evaluation of the anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of Morinda lucida and Saccharum officinarum leaves in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Int J Biochem Res Rev.2013; 3(3):266-277.
Sun J, He X, Zhao M, Li L, Li C, Dong Y. Antioxidant and Nitrite-Scavenging Capacities of Phenolic Compounds from Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Tops Mol. 2014;19:13147-13160.
Palaksha MN, Ravishankar K, Girija Sastry V. Biological evaluation of in vivo diuretic, and antiurolithiatic activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Saccharum officinarum. Indo Am J Pharm Res. 2015; 5(06):2232-2238.
Lorke D. A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Arch Toxicol. 1983; 54(4):275-87.
Archer J. Tests for emotionality in mices and mice: a review. AnimBehav.1973;21:205 - 235.
Porsolt RD, Bertin A, Jalfre M. Behavioural despair in mice: a primary screening test for antidepressants. Arch Internationales de Pharmacodyn Ther.1977; 229:327 - 336.
PorsoltRD, Anton G, Deniel M, Jalfre M. Behavioural despair in rats: a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Eur JPharmacol. 1978; 47:379 - 391.
Steru L, Chermat R, Thierry B, Simon P. The tail suspension test: a new method for screening antidepressants in mice. Psychopharmacol. 1985; 85:367 - 370.
Vellucci SV and Webster RA. Antagonism of caffeineinduced seizures in mice byRO15-1788. Eur J Ethnopharmacol. 1984; 97(3-4):289-293.
Amabeoku GJ and Chikuni O. Cimetidine – induced seizures in mice: antagonism by some gabaergic agents. Biochem Pharmacol.1993; 46:2171 - 2175.
Juliet J, Subramanyam K, Suresh S. Individual and combined effects of N6-cyclopentyladenosine, flunarizine and diazepam on aminophylline induced recurrent generalized seizures in mice. Pol J Pharmacol. 2003; 55:559 - 564.
Ozturk Y, Aydini S, Beis R, Baser KHC, Berberoglu H. Effect of Hypericum pericum L. and Hypericum calycinum l. extracts on the central nervous system in mice, Phytomed.1996; 3:139 - 146.
Kolawole OT, Makinde JM, Olajide OA. Central nervous system depressant activity of Russeliae quisetiformis. Nig J Physiol Sci. 2007; 22:59-63.
Yadav AV, Kawale LA, Nade VS. Effect of Morus alba L leaves on anxiety in mice. Ind J Pharmacol. 2008; 40:32-36.
Hossain MS, Akter S, Das A, Sarwar MS. CNS depressant, antidiarrheal and antipyretic activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Phyllanthus acidus L. on Swiss albino mice. Br J Pharm Res. 2016; 10(5):1.
Verma A, Jana GK, Sen S, Chakraborty R, Sachan S, Mishra A. Pharmacological evaluation of Saracaindica leaves for central nervous system depressant activity in mice. J Pharm Sci Res. 2010; 2(6):338–43
Hemby SE, Lucki I, Gatto G, Singh A, Thorney C, Matasi J. Potential antidepressant effects of novel tropane compounds, selective for serotonin and dopamine transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997; 282:727-733.
LuckiI. The forced swimming test as a model for core and component behavioural effects of antidepressant drugs. Behav Pharmacol. 1997; 8:523 - 532.
Willner P. The validity of animal models of depression. Psychopharmacol. 1984; 83:1–16.
Hossain MM, Biva IJ, Jahangir R,Vhuiyan MI. CNS depressant and analgesic activity of Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) parker leaf extract in mice. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol. 2009; 3:282 - 286.
Noldner M and Schotz K. Rutin is essential for the antidepressant activity of Hypericum perforatum extracts in the forced swimming test. Planta Med. 2002; 68:577 - 580.
Chu NS. (Caffeine and aminophylline-induced seizures: Epilepsia 1981; 22:85-95.
Jensen MH, Jorgensen S, Nielsen H. Is theophyllineinduced seizure in man caused by inhibition of cerebral -nucleotidase activity. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1984; 55:331-334.
Sharma A and Sandhir R. Oxidative stress after lithiumpilocarpine induced status epilepticus in mice brain. Ann Neurosci. 2006; 13:1 - 4.
Daval J, Nehlig A, Nicholas F. Physiological & Pharmacological properties of adenosine: Therapeutic implications. Life Sci.1991; 49:1435 - 1453.
Tutka P, Turski WA, Kleinrok Z. Influence of aminophylline and strychnine on the protective activity of excitatory amino acid antagonists against maximal electroshock-induced convulsions in mice. J Neur Trans.1996; 103:307-314.
Ray A, Gulati K, Anand S, Vijayan V. Pharmacological studies on mechanisms of aminophylline-induced seizures in rats. Ind J Exp Biol. 2005; 43:849-853.
De Sarro A, Cecchetti V, Fravlini V, Naccari F, Tabararrini O, De Sarro G. Effect of novel 6- desfluoroquinolones and classic quinolones on pentylene tetrazole induced seizures in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999; 43:1729-1736.
Westmoreland BF, Benarroch EE, Dube JR, Regan TJ, Sandok BA. Medical Neurosciences. Mayo Foundation, Rochester. 1994. 307 – 312p.
Porter RJ and Meldrum BS. Antiseizure drugs. In: Katzung BG. (Ed), Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 8th ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-hill, New York. 2001. 403 – 417p.
Amabeoku GJ, Green I, Kabatende J. Anticonvulsant activity of Cotyledon orbiculata L. (Crassulaceae) leaf extract in mice. J Ethnopharmacol, 2007; 112:101-107