Investigation of Chemical, Genotoxic and Haematological Properties of Secondary Metabolites from n-Hexane Extract of Olax subscorpioidea Oliv. (Olacaceae) Leaves doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v2i12.3
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Abstract
Due to their phytochemical diversity, plants may exhibit various biological activities. They may be medicinal as well as toxic. As a result, investigating their toxicities is as important as investigating their medicinal properties. This study investigated the chemical, genotoxic and haematological properties of the n-hexane extract of Olax subscorpioidea leaves. The chemical investigation of the extract was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Genotoxic and haematological investigation were done using in vivo models in mice. Genotoxic effects were estimated by evaluating DNA fragmentation with agarose gel electrophoresis and diphenylamine (DPA) assays. Haematological indices were measured on an Auto Haematology Analyzer. With GC-MS analysis, eight compounds were identified in the extract. The major compounds were 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)- (18.00%), n-hexadecanoic
acid (17.60%), and squalene (4.12%), which are of reported medicinal properties. Genotoxicity results indicated that the extract markedly and significantly reduced DNA fragmentation in testicular and hepatic cells in mice. Haematological analysis showed that the extract significantly increased white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LYMP), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and significantly reduced packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HB), and red blood cell (RBC) count. These results indicate that the n-hexane extract of Olax
subscorpioidea leaves contain compounds that possess useful pharmacologic properties, and may reduce DNA damages as well as alter haematological indices.
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