Impact of Yoyo bitters® on the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Ciprofloxacin in Healthy Nigerian Volunteers doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v2i10.4

Abstract

Ciprofloxacin and Yoyo bitters® (a liquid herbal oral preparation) are readily and widely available as prescription drug and herbal medicine, respectively in Nigeria. They are taken separately or concomitantly. The high metal content of Yoyo bitters poses to be a potential problem for the bioavailability of fluoroquinolones. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the possible
drug-herb interaction between Ciprofloxacin tablet and Yoyo bitters when co-administered. Pharmacokinetics of oral single dose ciprofloxacin (500 mg) tablet was evaluated in 30 healthy volunteers. The study design was an open, single dose randomized two-way comparative crossover treatment groups. Each group either took ciprofloxacin (500 mg) tablet with 200 mL of water or ciprofloxacin with 30 mL of yoyo bitters. A wash out period of two weeks was observed, and the treatment groups were interchanged. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for ciprofloxacin in plasma using a modified High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC)
method with UV detector at 278nm. Non-compartmental analysis was employed for pharmacokinetic parameters estimation. Results indicated that Yoyo bitters altered the Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin (Cmax, AUC, Vd, Tmax, t1/2, Kel and Kab) when administered
concomitantly, although not statistically significant (p>0.05). Therefore, for the desired therapeutic effect of ciprofloxacin to be optimally achieved, concomitant administration with Yoyo bitters or any herbal preparation should be staggered.