Compaction and Mechanical Properties of Cissus Populnea Gum
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v2i10.2
Keywords:
Cissus gum,, xanthan,, mechanical properties,, compaction.Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the compaction characteristics of cissus gum extracted with two different solvents (acetone and water) as binder in direct compression tablet formulations in comparison with xanthan and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC). 400 mg of each of the adhesives was compressed into a compact on a hydraulic single press hand machine at six different
compression pressures with a dwell time of 30 seconds. Direct compression method was employed in compact preparation. The compaction characteristics of the gums were evaluated using Heckel and Kawakita equations. Crushing strength and friability were used to assess mechanical properties. Data were analysed using GraphPad Prism 5 software. Cissus and xanthan gums had a
quicker onset of plastic deformation and exhibited higher degree of plastic deformation compared with sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Xanthan gum compact had higher crushing strength than cissus gum and SCMC (p < 0.05). Also, water extract of cissus gum (CW) compact had higher crushing strength than acetone extract of cissus gum (CA) compact (p < 0.05). Cissus gum formed a cohesive compact with a fast onset of plastic deformation and a high amount of plastic deformation which compares well with xanthan gum. It could therefore be used as binder in tablet formulations.
References
Marshall K. Compression and consolidation of powdered solids. In: Lachman L, Lieberman HA, Kanig JL (Eds.). The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. Philadelphia: 3rd Edition Lea & Febiger; 1986. 66-99 p.
Bodga MJ. Tablet compression, machine theory, design and process troubleshooting. In: Swarbrick J, Boylan J (Eds.).Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical technology. New York: Marcel and Dekker Inc; 2002. 2669-2688 p.
Garr JSM and Rubinstein MH. An investigation into the capping of paracetamol at increasing speeds of compression. Int J Pharm. 1991; 72(2):117-122.
Anuar MS and Briscoe BJ. Detrimental consequences of the Paracetamol tablet elastic relaxation during ejection. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2010; 36(8): 972-979.
Roppie EG and Danielson S. Fundamentals of powder compression I: The compactibility and compressibility of pharmaceutical powders. J Pharm Sci. 1981; 70(4): 476-481.
Higuchi T. Mechanism of sustained action medication: theoretical analysis of rate of release of solid drugs dispersed in solid matrices. J Pharm Sci. 1963; 52(6): 1145-1149.
Nyström C and Karehill PG. The importance of intermoleculaer bonding forces and the concept of bonding surface area: In Alderborn G, Nyström C (Eds.). Pharmaceutical powder compaction technology. New York:Marcel and Dekker Inc; 1996. 17-51 p.
Celik M and Driscoll CE. An overview of the effects of some physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of particulates on the compactions and post compactions properties of compacts. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1993; 19(4): 2119- 2141.
Paronen P, Iilla J. Porosity-pressure functions. In: Alderborn G, Nyström C, eds, Pharmaceutical Powder Compaction Technology. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1966. 55-75 p.
Robert RJ, Rowe RC. The effect of the relationship between punch velocity and particle size on the compaction behavior of pharmaceutical and other material – a pragmatic approach. Chem Eng Sci. 1986; 42(4):903-911.
Itiola OA and Pilpel N. Formulation effects on the mechanical properties ofmetronidazole tablet. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1991; 43(1):145-147.
Kawakita K and Ludde KH. Some considerations on powder compression equations. Powder technol. 1970/71; 4(2):61-68.
Odeniyi MA, Babalola AO, Ayorinde JO. Evaluation of Cedrela gum as a binder and bioadhesive component in ibuprofen tablet formulations. Brazilian J Pharm Sci. 2013; 49(1): 95-105.
Ayorinde JO, Odeniyi MA, Oyeniyi A. Material and compression properties of native and modified plantain starches. Farmacia 2013; 61(3):574-590.
Adeleye OA, Femi-Oyewo MN, Odeniyi MA. Physicochemical and rheological characterization of Cissus populnea gum extracted by different solvents. West Afr JPharm. 2015; 26(1):113-126.
Oyi AR, Shittu AO, Mahmud HS. Physicochemical characterization of Acacia sieberiania gum. Ind J Novel Drug Deliv. 2010; 2(3):99-102.
Phani-kumar GK, Gangarao B, Kotha NS, Lova R. Isolation and evaluation of Tamarind seed polysaccharide being used as a polymer in pharmaceutical dosage form. Res. J Pharm Bio Chem Sci. 2011; 2(2):274-290.
Ohwoauworhua FO, Kunle OO, Ofoefule SI. Extraction and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose derived from luffa cylindrical plant. African J Pharm Res Dev. 2004; 1(3):1-6.
United State Pharmacopeia and National formulary. (Asian Ed.). Toronto: Webcom Ltd; 2006. 3259-3261 p.
Fell JT and Newton JM. Determination of tablet strength by diametrical compression test. J Pharm Sci. 1970; 59(8):688-691.
Okhamafe AO, Igboechi A, Obaseki TO. Cellulose extracted from groundnut shell and rice husk: preliminary physicochemical characterization. Pharm World J. 1990; 8(4):120-130.
Alderborn G. Particle dimensions. In: Alderborn G, Nyström C (Eds.). Pharmaceutical powder compaction technology. New York: Marcel and Dekker Inc; 1996. 245-246 p.
Celik M. Overview of compaction data analysis techniques. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1992; 18(4):767-810.
Adetogun GE, Alebiowu G. Properties of Delonix regia seed gum as a novel tablet binder. Acta Pol. Pharm. 2009; 66(4): 433-438.
Adeleye AO, Odeniyi MA, Jaiyeoba KT. Evaluation of cissus gum as binder in a paracetamol tablet formulation. Farmacia 2011; 59(1):85-96.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
