Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Palm Kernel (Elaeis Guinensis) Oil Extracts on Histamine-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Albino Wistar Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i10.68Keywords:
Wistar rats, Palm kernel oil extracts, Histamine-induced Rhinitis, Hematology, GC-MSAbstract
For centuries plant products such as oils have been used as natural remedies for cold, cough and nasal congestion. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of palm kernel (Elaeis guinensis) oil extracts (hot-pressed palm kernel oil (HPPKO) and cold-pressed palm kernel oil (CPPKO)) on histamine-induced (HIS) allergic rhinitis in Albino rats. Rhinitis was induced in the rats after 4 days intraperitoneal (130 mg/kg) histamine sensitization and 7 days intranasal histamine (1%) challenge. The bioactive components of the extracts were profiled using GC-MS and twelve compounds were detected in the HPPKO compared with seven found in the CPPKO. The scoring table for number of sneezes showed that intranasal administration of palm kernel oil extracts inhibited rhinitis as indicated by the decrease in the bouts of sneezes compared to the untreated rats. All the histamine-sensitized/challenged rats had a significant increase (P<0.05) in blood hemoglobin (Hb%) level, packed cell volume (PCV%), white blood cells count (WBCx109L), platelets, lymphocytes, as well as a significant (P<0.05) decrease in neutrophils and monocytes levels compared with control group. Pre-treatment with CPPKO restored the neutrophils and WBC levels in contrast to HPPKO treated and untreated group (P<0.05). Histological examination showed that pretreatment with CPPKO prevented inflammation of the lungs of histamine sensitized/challenged rats. In conclusion, the results showed that pretreatment with cold-pressed palm kernel oils reduced markers of inflammation and symptoms associated with rhinitis in rats, suggesting the efficiency of palm kernel oil extracts as a natural remedy for allergic rhinitis.
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