Identification of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Produced by Chlorella vulgaris as a Potential Candidate for Biodiesel Production doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i2.4
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Abstract
Algae are ubiquitous and have found wide applications in the food industry and biotechnological approaches. Cyanobacteria and green algae have high protein and fatty acid contents, making them suitable for biodiesel production. The present study was aimed at identifying the saturated and unsaturated fatty acid contents of Chlorella vulgaris towards its use for biodiesel production. C. vulgaris was isolated from the local environment in Mosul city, Iraq. Pure cultures were made and incubated at different times (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 days) at 25 oC. At the end of the incubation periods, the cultures were analyzed. Final pH, optical density, biomass, chlorophyll and protein contents were determined. Gas chromatographic analysis was performed on petroleum ether, chloroform or ethanol extracts of C. vulgaris to identify constituent fatty acids. The results obtained indicated that growth of the algal cultures, as measured by OD increased with an increase in incubation periods until a maximum (OD 0.85), after which the values declined. Similar observations were made for the amount of biomass, final pH, chlorophyll and protein contents. The gas chromatographic analysis of the three extracts indicated the presence of secondary metabolites which included oleic, stearic, undecanoic, butyric, arachidonic, linolenic, behenic, pentadecanoic, mystic, caproic, eicosapent, lingoceric, cisdocosanoic, linolic and nervonic acids. Our findings revealed the presence of diverse amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in C. vulgaris, making it a potential candidate for biodiesel production.
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