Behavioural, Biochemical, and Cerebral Histomorphological Effects of Aqueous Extract of Datura stramonium L. Leaves in Rats

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Published: 2025-09-30
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i9.70
Keywords:
Datura stramonium, Addictive tendency, Oxidative stress, Depressive-like behaviour, Anxiety-like behaviour, Neurotransmitters

Main Article Content

Joshua Falade
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
Olakunle J. Onaolapo
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Adejoke Y. Onaolapo
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Foluso O. Ojo
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilesa, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria

Abstract

Datura stramonium L, commonly called devil's trumpet is a popular medicinal plant known for its psychoactive effect. This study aimed to investigate the behavioural, biochemical, and histomorphological changes in rats administered aqueous extract of Datura stramonium leaves. Eighty Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 20 rats per group. Group I was fed with standard rodent chow, while Groups II – IV were administered aqueous extract of Datura stramonium leaves at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively once daily for 28 days orally. After the treatment period, the rats were subjected to behavioural tests, including conditioned place preference, open field, Y-Maze, elevated plus maze, tail suspension, and forced swim tests. After the tests, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, including evaluation for malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase) levels. The hippocampus and cerebral cortex were processed for histology, and brain dopamine and acetylcholine levels were determined.  Results from the study showed that the sub-acute administration of the aqueous extract of Datura stramonium leaves significantly decreased feed consumption, and caused body weight loss in rats. Behavioural tests revealed that the administration of Datura stramonium leaf extract resulted in neurobehavioural symptoms like addictive tendencies, anxiety, depression, and memory impairment. In addition, the extract significantly increased brain dopamine and decreased brain acetylcholine levels. Histological examination of the brain showed degenerating pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats administered Datura stramonium leaf extract. These findings suggest potential neurotoxic effect of the prolonged use of Datura stramonium leaf extract.

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Vol. 9 No. 9 (2025): Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Joshua Falade, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria

Department of Internal Medicine, Mental Health Unit, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria

 

How to Cite

Behavioural, Biochemical, and Cerebral Histomorphological Effects of Aqueous Extract of Datura stramonium L. Leaves in Rats. (2025). Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research , 9(9), 4658 – 4669. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i9.70

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