Potential of Turmeric and Mangosteen in Combating High-Fat Diet-Induced Inflammation and Gut Dysbiosis: A Review
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Abstract
Due to excessive fat intake, obesity has become a major global health concern with substantial social and economic repercussions. Phytochemicals found in herbal plants, such as curcumin from turmeric and xanthones, especially α-mangostin from mangosteen pericarp, have shown promise in reducing oxidative stress and altering the composition of the gut microbiota, which is brought
on by high-fat diets. This narrative review was conducted using original articles from 2014 to 2024 obtained via Google Scholar and PubMed with the keywords “turmeric,” “mangosteen,” “mangostin,” “high fat diet,” “gut dysbiosis,” and “gut microbiota.” Inclusion criteria were fulltext original articles in English with detailed methods; exclusion criteria were articles in other languages, lacking full text, or missing methodological details. From a total of twelve studies, curcumin has been shown to promote beneficial gut microbiota while reducing pro-inflammatory taxa associated with hepatic steatosis, neurodegenerative disease, and oxidative liver injury, while
xanthones (particularly α-mangostin), possess strong anti-inflammatory activities, although their effects on gut microbial communities in high-fat diet models require further investigation. Emerging evidence suggests that both compounds may influence gut homeostasis, reduce systemic inflammation, and attenuate obesity-related complications. This review highlights the potential hormetic effects of high doses of these phytochemicals, particularly α-mangostin, and emphasizes the need for dose optimization in therapeutic applications. The synergistic modulation of gut microbiota and inflammatory pathways by curcumin and mangosteen may represent a promising complementary strategy for combating obesity and its metabolic consequences. However, additional mechanistic studies are warranted to clarify these interactions and optimize their clinical application.
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