Phytochemical Screening of Solenostemon monostachyus and the Effect of Extract and Fractions on Castor Oil-Induced Diarrhoea in Rats
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i4.6
Keywords:
Solenonstemon monostachyus, Antidiarrhoea, Castor oil-induced, PhytochemicalAbstract
Solenostemon monostachyus P. Beauv (Lamiaceae) is among plants reportedly used in West and Central African ethnomedicine for the treatment and management of diabetes, malaria, hypertension and sickle cell anaemia. The effect of ethanol leaves extract and fractions (chloroform and aqueous) from Solenostemon monostachyus on castor oil-induced diarrhoea was studied in rats. The extract (75-225 mg/kg) and fractions (150 mg/kg) were evaluated for their effect on experimentally induced diarrhoea using different models; castor oil-induced diarrhoea, castor oil-induced fluid accumulation and small intestinal propulsion. The extract inhibited significantly (p < 0.05) diarrhoea induced by castor oil in a non-dose-dependent fashion. The extract (150 mg/kg) and aqueous fraction (150 mg/kg) showed considerably higher inhibition of castor oil-induced diarrhoea, small intestine transit time and castor oil induced fluid accumulation in vivo although the effect was not comparable to the standard drugs, Loperamide and Atropine. Results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and cardiac glycosides. The observed antidiarrhoeal property of the ethanol leaves extract of the plant may be linked to the presence of these phytoconstituents.
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