The Activities of Moringa oleifera Lam Leaf Extract on Specific Cellular Immune of Albino Male Mice Induced by the Covid-19 Antigen

Abstract

Moringa oleifera Lam leaves are traditionally used to alleviate inflammation and boost immunity. The study aimed to evaluate the immunostimulatory effects of Moringa oleifera Lam leaf ethanol extract in albino male mice (Mus musculus Linn) induced with the COVID-19 antigen. The study measured T CD8+ cell levels, total leukocyte count, and relative lymph weight. Twenty-five male
mice were divided into five groups: group 1 (control, 0.5% Na-CMC suspension), group 2 (COVID-19 vaccine), and groups 3–5 (COVID-19 antigen and ethanol extract doses of 10 mg/kg BW, 30 mg/kg BW, and 100 mg/kg BW). The extract was administered orally for seven days, while COVID-19 antigen was injected intramuscularly on days 1 and 7. On day 8, T CD8+ cell levels, total leukocyte count, and relative lymph weight were assessed. Results showed that the 10 mg/kg BW group achieved T CD8+ levels of 14.28 ng/L, total leukocytes of 8,095 mm3, and relative lymph weight of 0.75. The 100 mg/kg BW group achieved T CD8+ levels of 21.85 ng/L, total leukocytes of 11,117 mm3, and relative lymph weight of 0.95. There were significant differences (p<0.05) were observed across groups, with the 100 mg/kg BW dose yielding the most optimal results. The study concludes that Moringa oleifera Lam leaf ethanol extract effectively enhances T CD8+ cell levels, total leukocyte count, and relative lymph weight in albino male mice (Mus musculus Linn), demonstrating its potential as an immunostimulant.