Overview of the Potential Role of Trace Elements in COVID-19 doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i6.2
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Abstract
COVID-19 is constantly evolving due to genetic mutation, and different strains have been discovered all over the world. These variants appear to be transmitted more strongly than other types, potentially contributing to an increase in cases and deaths. Currently, there are several COVID-19 vaccines on the market. Despite the availability of these commercial vaccines, the number of admitted patients continues to rise in various parts of the world. The vaccines' consistency and efficacy, in terms of variations between effects of different brands, remain ambiguous due to viral variants. Trace element deficiencies have been shown to reduce the immune response to invader pathogens and contribute to global health issues. Deficiencies in vitamins, copper, selenium, and zinc have been shown in clinical trials to alter the immune response and increase the risk of viral infections. Due to the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties of these micronutrients, dietary supplementation of these components is likely to increase the immune response and lower the severity of COVID-19 infection. Based on existing research, therapeutic use of important trace element supplements, such as minerals (Cu, Se, and Zn) or vitamins (such as vitamins D and C), may be a preventive and consistent strategy for strengthening the immune system against the emerging pandemic COVID-19 and its novel variants.
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