Antimycobacterial and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profiles of Cassia auriculata, Hallea stipulosa, Euphorbia nyikae, and Albizia anthelmintica

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Published: Jan 31, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i1.6
Keywords:
Antimycobacterial, Phytochemical, Cassia auriculata, Hallea stipulosa, Euphorbia, nyikae, Albizia anthelmintica

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Ramadhani S. O. Nondo
Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam -Tanzania
Francis Machumi
Department of Natural Products Development and Formulations, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, P. O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Imani A. Kikoti
Tanzania National Parks, P. O. Box 3134, Arusha, Tanzania.
Michael Qwarse
Department of Natural Products Development and Formulations, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, P. O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Alfredi A. Moyo
Mabibo Traditional Medicine Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Barack Obama Drive, P.O Box 9653, 11101 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Alphonce I. Marealle
Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, P. O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Boniphace C. Mwita
Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam -Tanzania
Aneth Kavuraya
Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam -Tanzania
Pax J. Masimba
Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam -Tanzania
Mainen J. Moshi
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kairuki University, 70 Chwaku Street, Regent Estate, Mikocheni, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Abstract

Cassia auriculata (Senna auriculata), Hallea stipulosa, and Albizia anthelmintica are among the sources of herbal remedies used to treat tuberculosis and its related symptoms. However, the literature has limited information on the anti-mycobacterial properties of various parts of these plants. This study assessed different parts of C. auriculata, H. stipulosa, E. nyikae, and A. anthelmintica for anti-mycobacterial activity and the phytochemical profiles of the active extracts. Dry powdered plant materials were soaked in 95% ethanol and boiled in distilled water for ethanolic and aqueous extractions, respectively. Extracts were dried by vacuum rotary evaporation 
and freeze-drying. Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium indicus Pranii (MIP) and Mycobacterium madagascariense (MM) was assessed by the microdilution method and data presented as mean ± standard deviations. Phytochemical analysis of the active extracts was done using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that  C. auriculata aqueous and ethanolic extracts exhibited anti-mycobacterial properties against MM and MIP while H. stipulosa, E. nyikae, and A. anthelmintica extracts were inactive. The ethanolic extracts of C. auriculata leaves, flowers, and stem wood showed the highest activity (MIC = 
156.25 µg/mL) against MM. The GC-MS showed seven most abundant compounds in different extracts of C. auriculata including 2,4-dimethylheptane (1), caryophyllene (2), 7-isopropyl-1,4-dimethyl-1R,2,3,3aS,6,8aS-hexahydroazulene (3), resorcinol (4), α.-methylmannofuranoside (5), 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (6), and hexatriacontane (7). The activity of caryophyllene and resorcinol 
against M. tuberculosis has been previously reported. Therefore, the findings of antimycobacterial and phytochemical profiles obtained from this study support the traditional use of C. auriculata to manage tuberculosis. 

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How to Cite
Nondo, R. S. O., Machumi, F., Kikoti, I. A., Qwarse, M., Moyo, A. A., Marealle, A. I., Mwita, B. C., Kavuraya, A., Masimba, P. J., & Moshi, M. J. (2025). Antimycobacterial and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profiles of Cassia auriculata, Hallea stipulosa, Euphorbia nyikae, and Albizia anthelmintica. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 9(1), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i1.6
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Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR)
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Articles
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Nondo, R. S. O., Machumi, F., Kikoti, I. A., Qwarse, M., Moyo, A. A., Marealle, A. I., Mwita, B. C., Kavuraya, A., Masimba, P. J., & Moshi, M. J. (2025). Antimycobacterial and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profiles of Cassia auriculata, Hallea stipulosa, Euphorbia nyikae, and Albizia anthelmintica. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 9(1), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i1.6

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