Bombax costatum Pellegr. and Vuillet Stem Bark Extract Prevents Paracetamol and Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Rats
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v2i5.4
Keywords:
Bombax costatum,, Hepatoprotective,, Antioxidant,, Paracetamol,, Carbon tetrachloride.Abstract
Bombax costatum is a commonly used medicinal plant in African traditional medicine in the treatment of liver disease. This study was aimed at investigating the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Bombax costatum stem bark against paracetamol (PCM) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity studies of the plant extract were performed. The hepatoprotective activity of the plant extract was evaluated in vivo using PCM (3g/kg orally on the 4th day of the study) and CCl4 (1 mL/kg, 1:1 in olive oil, intraperitoneally on the 3rd and 4th day of the study) induced liver damage in rats while in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method was used for antioxidant study. Phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence of tannins, sterols, alkaloids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, triterpenes and flavonoids.
Oral median lethal dose of the extract in rats was estimated to be >5000 mg/kg. The extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in alanine transaminase levels when compared with PCM toxic group. Significant (p<0.05) reduction in serum alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and total bilirubin were observed in the extract treated groups (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) when compared with CCl4 toxic group. Histopathological findings showed that B. costatum extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg protected the liver tissues from damage induced by PCM and CCl4. In conclusion, the findings of this study
showed that the methanol stem bark extract of Bombax costatum possesses hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties.
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