Physicochemical Properties of Water Used for Irrigation of Rice (Oryza sativa) in the Gharb Plain, Morocco
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Abstract
The Sebou River is the main source of irrigation water in the Gharb Plain region. Moroccan rice cultivation depends on this river, which is exposed to several sources of pollution. The objective of this work is to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of irrigation water in rice fields in the Gharb plain of Morocco. The physicochemical properties of the water during a rice planting campaign in the Gharb plain in 2018 was evaluated following standard procedures. The results showed that the physicochemical characterization of the water in the rice field varies according to the stations, and the weather. However, the values of physicochemical parameters recorded did not exceed the Moroccan normative values for irrigation water except for chlorides. Similarly, the statistical analysis (Principal component analysis [PCA]) of the data collected showed the presence of two gradients in opposite directions: an organic matter concentration gradient and the other a mineralization gradient. These gradients resulted in clear segregation between the surveys carried out at the beginning of the submersion of the rice plots, which were characterized by a significant supply of nutrients and a high load of organic matter, and those carried out at the end of the rice submersion.
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