The Potential Antioxidant Activity of N-Hexane Fraction of Mundar Leaves (Garcinia forbesii King.) doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i9.4
Main Article Content
Abstract
Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) is a native plant of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. This study was aimed to identify the compounds and evaluated the antioxidant activity of the n-hexane fraction and sub-fraction of G. forbesii leaves. The G. forbesii leaves were macerated with methanol. Liquid-liquid extraction of the methanol extract was performed using n-hexane-distilled water. The fraction obtained was then subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography using n-hexane:ethyl acetate gradient system with ratios of 25:1; 20:1; 15:1; 10:1; 8:2; 6:4; 4:6 and 2:8 v/v. Compound identification and qualitative antioxidant tests was done using thin-layer chromatography and then sprayed with specific reagents. The quantitative antioxidant tests were carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Maceration produced an extract with a yield of 20.4% and an n-hexane fraction of with a yeild of 29.0%. Fractionation with VLC resulted in 8 sub fractions (A-H). The qualitative test using specific reagents revealed that the 8 sub fractions (A-H) contained flavonoids and alkaloids, 2 fractions (B and C) contained terpenoids, 3 fractions (D-F) contained steroids, and 4 fractions (E-H) contained phenols and tannins. The qualitative antioxidant test showed that all sub fractions have potential antioxidant activity. Quantatively, the n-hexane fraction showed a strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 26.07 ppm. The findings from this study shows that G. forbesii leaves have potential for use as a natural antioxidant agent.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Atmoko T and Ma’ruf A. Toxicity Test and Phytochemical Screening of Plant Extracts from Orangutan Feed Sources
Against Larvae. J. Penelit. Hutan and Konserv. Alam. 2009; 6(1):37–45.
Rutdianti R, Kartika R, Simanjuntak P. Isolation and Identification of Terpenoid Chemical Compounds from
Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus deglupta Blume.) Leaf Ethyl Acetate Isolate. Proc Sem Kim. 2017. 148-152 p.
Kade S. Types of Trees Endemic to Kalimantan. Research Institute for Natural Resources Conservation Technology.
Samboja; 2015. 54-55 p.
Alen Y, Safitri N, Ali AM, Ladjis NH, Sargent MV. Rubraxhantone from Garcinia forbesii King. and its Bioactivity. J Res Kim. 2015; 1(2):192.
Harrison LJ, Leong LS, Sia GL, Sim KY, Tan HW. Xanthones from Garcinia forbesii. Phytochem. 1993; 33(3): 727-728.
Salim E, Afritunando Y, Febriana NA, Efdi M. Optimization Study of Extraction of Total Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Test of Mangosteen Leaves (Garcinia mangostana Linn.). J Res Kim. 2019; 10(1):36–43.
Sutomo S, Kamali DN, Arnida A, Normaidah N, Sriyono A. Pharmacognostic Study and Antioxidant Activity of Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) leaves from Banua Botanical Gardens of South Kalimantan. Borneo J Pharm.2020; 3(4):209-215.
Larasati F, Salni S, Marisa H. Antibacterial Activity Test of Fractions and Active Compounds of Seburo (Garcinia forbesii King.) Leaves toward Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang; 2017. 25 - 27p.
Turahman T and Sari G NF. Antibacterial Activity of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Against Staphylococcus aureus. J Farm Indones.2018; 10(1):115-122.
Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2nd ed.). Jakarta; 2017; 37-539 p.
Buih PHJ. Compound Exploration from Bilaran Tapah (Argyreia nervosa (Burm. F.) Bojer) Leaves Ethanol Extract from Rantau, South Kalimantan. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarbaru; 2017. 30-31 p.
Sindora G and Andi HAH. Identification of Anthraquinone Compounds in the Chloroform Fraction of Noni (Morinda
citrifolia L.) Roots. J Kim Khatulistiwa. 2017; 6(1):37-41.
Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Indonesian Medical Materials (Vol. V). Jakarta; 1989. 313 - 327 p.
Sani RN, Nisa FC, Andriani RD, Maligan JM. Yield analysis and phytochemical screening of marine microalgae Tetraselmis chuii ethanol extract [in press april 2014]. J Pangan dan Agroindustri. 2013; 2(2):121–126.
Harborne JB. (translated by Padmawirata K, Soediro I). Phytochemical Methods Guide Modern Ways of Analyzing
Plants (2nd ed), Bandung Indonesia; 1996. 37-53 p.
Banu R and Nagarajan N. TLC and HPTLC fingerprinting of leaf extracts of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merrill. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2014; 2(6):29-33.
Olaleye OO, Margaret OS, Joy OO, Wale L. Antioxidant activities of Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel and
Daniellia ogea (Harms) Rolfe ex Holland (Caesalpiniaceae). Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2020; 4(5):210-215.
Handayani S, Najib A, Wati NP. Antioxidant Activity Test of Daruju (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) Leaves Extract with 1,1-
Diphenyl-2-Pikrylhydrazil (DPPH) Free Radical Reduction Method. J Fitofarm Indones. 2018; 5(2):299-308.
Bakti AA, Liling T, Muhammad IR. Determination of Total Flavonoid Levels and Antioxidant Test of Ethanol Extract
of Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.) Leaves with DPPH. J Pharm Sci. 2017; 4(1):102-108.
Nithianantham K, Murugesan S, Yeng C, Lachimanan YL, Subramanion LJ, Sreenivasan S. Hepatoprotective potential
of Clitoria ternatea leaf extract against paracetamol induced damage in mice. Molecules. 2011; 16(12):10134-10145.
Zakaria Z, Aziz R, Lachimanan YL, Sreenivasan S, Rathinam X. Antioxidant activity of Coleus blumei, Orthosiphon stamineus, Ocimum basilicum, and Mentha arvensis from Lamiaceae family. Int J Nat Eng Sci. 2008; 2(1):93-95.
Mardiah N, Mulyanto C, Amelia A, Lisnawati, Anggraeni D, & Rahmawanty D. Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Skin Extract with DPPH. J Pharm Sci. 2017; 4(2):147-154.
Sukweenadhi J, Oeke Y, Finna S, Kartini, Maya TS, Anggreyni PD, Christina A. Antioxidant activity screening of seven Indonesian herbal extract. Biodivers. 2020; 21(5):2062-2067.
Rahmawati, Muflihunna A, Sarif LM. Analysis of Antioxidant Activity of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Syrup Products with DPPH. J Fitofarm Indones. 2016; 2(2): 97–101.
Marliana E. Analysis of Secondary Metabolites from Spatholobus ferrugineus (Zoll & Moritzi) Benth Stem as Antioxidant. J Penelit MIPA. 2007; 1(1):23-29.
Baghel SS, Shrivastava N, Baghel RS, Agrawal P, Rajput S. A Review of Quercetin: Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties. World J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2012; 1(1):146-160.
Maesaroh K, Kurnia D, Al Anshori J. Comparison of Antioxidant Activity Test Methods of DPPH, FRAP and FIC Against Ascorbic Acid, Gallic Acid and Quercetin.Chim Nat Acta. 2018; 6(2):93-100.
Muthia R, Saputri R, Asfia N. Antioxidant Activity Test of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) Fruit Peel use DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Borneo J Pharm Sci Technol. 2018; 2(2):48-58.
Muthia R, Saputri R, Verawati SA. Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) Fruit Peel Extract Antioxidant Activity Test use DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). J Pharm Sci. 2019; 6(1):74 – 82.