Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum Seed Extract
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i10.13
Keywords:
Antibacterial, Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum, Metabolites, PhytochemicalsAbstract
The use of medicinal plants in health care services has tremendously increased. Medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds that are very important in biological activities and may possess antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, this study was aimed at identifying the phytochemical constituents of Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum (genitri) seed extract and determining its antibacterial activity. E. sphaericus seeds were obtained, dried, and prepared into powder form. The seed powder was extracted with methanol. Phytochemical analysis was conducted on the methanol seed extract using the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) technique. Antibacterial sensitivity testing was carried out with the agar disk diffusion method. The result of the phytochemical screening revealed that E. sphaericus seed extract contains 72 compounds which include dicarboxylic acid, aromatic acid, ester, glucose, coumarin, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, glycoside, steroid, terpenoid, quinone, and coumestan. Each phytochemical compound varies in composition, with caffeic acid (3.12%) being the highest. The antibacterial sensitivity testing of the 15 and 40% E. sphaericus seed extracts against E. coli indicated inhibition zone diameters of 7.25 and 7.75 mm, respectively, while values of 7.5 and 9 mm, respectively were recorded for L. cidophilus. Also, the antibacterial activity of the seed extract was found to be concentration-dependent. The findings of this study reveal that E. sphaericus seed extract contain several phytochemical compounds and has antibacterial activity against E. coli and L. acidophilus, thereby making it a potential antibacterial agent.
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