Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Four Medicinal Plants doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i11.24
Main Article Content
Abstract
Antioxidants of plant origin reduce or inhibit oxidative stress-induced tissue damage in gastric ulcers. Plants’ edible and non-edible parts have been investigated as potential sources of natural antioxidants. The present study aims at investigating the antioxidant potentials of aqueous extracts of Irish potato tubers, Avocado pear seeds, and unripe pawpaw and plantain fruits used traditionally in ulcer treatment. In vitro anti-oxidative potential of the plants was assessed using their inhibitory effects on H2O2-induced lipid peroxidation, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl free radicals generation. The plants’ phenolic profile and total antioxidant capacity (TCA) were assessed using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector and phosphomolybdenum method respectively. Total phenolic compounds content ranged from 598.80 µg/g in Irish potato through 171.44 µg/g and 123.11 µg/g in avocado pear and pawpaw respectively to 77.14 µg/g in the plantain. Irish potato (149 ± 13.02 mg AAE/g) and avocado pear (146.60 ± 4.53 mg AAE/g) had significantly (p<0.05) higher TCA than pawpaw (53.31 ± 7.16 mg AAE/g) and plantain (35.55 ± 3.13 mg AAE/g). Generally, Irish potato and avocado pear had the lowest values of 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) against OH free radicals and lipid peroxidation, while Irish potato and pawpaw had the lowest IC50 values against DPPH radical. rish potato and avocado pear were observed to have highest phenolic compounds distribution and TCA values, which translated to their higher in vitro antioxidant potency. The observed rich TCA and phenolic contents, and high radical scavenging abilities showed that the plants possess potent antioxidant properties.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Singh A, Kukreti R, Saso L, Kukreti S. Oxidative Stress: A Key Modulator in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules
; 24(8):1583-1602.
Adwas AA, Elsayed ASI, Azab AE, Quwaydir FA. Oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms in human body. J Appl Biotech Bioeng. 2019; 6(1):43-47.
Azab AE, Albasha MO, Elsayed ASI. Prevention of nephropathy by some natural sources of antioxidants. Yangtze Med. 2017; 1(4):235-266.
Nita M and Grzybowski A. The role of the reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in the pathomechanism of the
age-related ocular diseases and other pathologies of the anterior and posterior eye segments in adults. Oxid Med
Cell Longev. 2016; 2016(12):1-23.
Hrelia S, Angeloni C. New mechanisms of action of natural antioxidants in health and disease. Antioxid. 2020; 9(344):1-5.
Sharifi-Rad M, Fokou PVT, Sharopov F, Martorell M, Ademiluyi AO, Rajkovic J, Salehi B, Martins N, Iriti M, Sharifi-Rad J. Antiulcer agents: From plants to phytochemicals in healing promotion. Molecules. 2018; 23(1751):2-37.
Stangeland T, Remberg SF, Lye KA. Total antioxidant activity in 35 Ugandan fruits and vegetables. Food Chem.
; 113:85-91.
Kuna L, Jakab J, Smolic R, Raguz-Lucic N, Vcev A, Smolic M. Peptic ulcer disease: A brief review of conventional Therapy and herbal treatment options. J Clin Med. 2019; 8(179):1-19.
Ravisankar P, Koushik OS, Reddy AA, Kumar UE, Anvith PS, Pragna P. A detailed analysis on acidity and ulcers in
esophagus, gastric and duodenal ulcers and management. IOSR-JDMS. 2016; 15(1):94-114.
Kayode AAA, Lawal BA, Abdullahi AA, Sonibare MA, Moody JO. Medicinal plants used in the treatment of gastric ulcer in Southwestern and North Central Nigeria. Res J Med Plants. 2020; 13:119-128.
Anitha B, Raghu N, Gopenath TS, Karthikeyan M, Gnanasekaran A, Chandrashekrappa GK, Basalingappa KM. Medicinal Uses of Carica papaya. J Nat Ayuv Med. 2018; 2(6):000144.
Ezike AC, Akah PA, Okoli CO, Ezeuchenne NA, Ezeugwu S. Carica papaya (paw-paw) unripe fruit may be beneficial in ulcer. J Med Food. 2009; 12(6):12681273.
Opara J. Ulcer healing effect of ethanolic extract of unripe Musa paradisiaca on aspirin induced gastric ulceration in
adult wistar rats. Eur J Pharm Med Res. 2019; 5(12):58-62
Madueke AC, Ugwu DO, Nwanelo VO, Anosike AC, Anajemba RC, Onoh PA. Anti-Ulcerogenic Effect of Unripe Plantain (Musa Paradisiaca) Pulp on IndomethacinInduced ulcer in Wistar Rat. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2020; 4(10):784-789.
Asiwe ES, Igwe CU, Iheanacho KME, Onyeocha IO, Onwuliri VA. Antioxidative and free radical scavenging properties of ethyl acetate fractions of Persea americanaseed and Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2021; 5(8):1486-1492.
Ogbuagu U, Igwe CU, Nwaogu LA, Airadion AI, Ogbuagu EO. Healing potential of aqueous extract of Irish potato
tubers on indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer in albino rats. Int J Clin Biol Biochem. 2021; 3(1):17-25
Basilicata MG, Pepe G, Rapa SF, Merciai F, Ostacolo C, Manfra M, Di Sarno V, Autore G, De Vita D, Marzocco S, Campiglia P. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of dehydrated potato-derived bioactive compounds in
intestinal cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(23):6087.
Ogbuagu U, Igwe CU, Nwaogu LA, Airaodion AI, Ogbuagu EO. Chemical content and antioxidant potential of aqueous extract of Irish potato tubers traditionally used for ulcer treatment in Nigeria. Intl Res J Gastroenterol Hepatol.
; 3(1):10 -18.
Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguilar M. Spectrophotometric Quantitation of Antioxidant Capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: Specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Anal Biochem. 1999;269(2):337-341.
Velazquez E, Tournier HA, de Buschiazzo PM, Saavedra G, Schinella GR. Antioxidant activity of Paraguayan plant
extracts. Fitoter. 2003; 74(1-2):91-97.
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC, Aruoma OI. The deoxyribose method: A simple test-tube assay for determination of rate
constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals. Anal Biochem. 1987; 165(1):215-219.
Liu J, Edamatsu R, Kabuto H, Mori A. Antioxidant action of Guilignji in the brain of rats with FeCl3-induced epilepsy.Free Rad Biol Med. 1990; 9(5):451-454.
Lopes GKB, Schulman HM, Hermes-Lima M. Polyphenol tannic acid inhibits hydroxyl radical formation from Fenton
reaction by complexing ferrous ions. Biochimica Biophysica Acta. 1999; 1472(1-2):142-152.
Ujowundu FN. In vitro evaluation of free radicalscavenging potentials of ethanol extract of Combretum dolichopentalim leaves. Glob Drugs Ther. 2017; 2(6):1-5.
Sravani P, Jayasri PS, Ershad-Khan P, Nishad-Khan P. Review on natural antiulcer agents. Int J Pharm Ind Res. 2011; 1(1):6-70.
Gadekar R, Singour PK, Chaurasiya PK, Pawar RS, Patil UK. A potential of some medicinal plants as antiulcer agents. Pharmacogn Rev 2010; 4(8):136.
Bagheri SM, Zare-Mohazabieh F, Momeni-Asl H, Yadegari M, Mirjalili A, Anvari M. Antiulcer and hepatoprotective
effects of Plantago ovate seed on indomethacin-ulcerated rats. Biomed J. 2018; 41(1):41-45.
Jat D. Mechanism of action of antioxidants against free radical mediated damage to biomolecules. Madhya Bharti J
Sci. 2016; 60(1):06-08.
Aziz MA, Diab AS, Mohammed AA. Antioxidant categories and mode of action. IntechOpen. 2019.
Adelusi TI, Oboh G, Akinyemi AJ. In vitro effects of Persea americana aqueous extracts against oxidants and Fe2+
-induced oxidative stress in rats pancreas. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2018; 2(6):297-302.
Olarewaju OA, Alashi AM, Taiwo KA, Oyedele D, Adebooye OC, Aluko RE. Influence of nitrogen fertilizer micro-dosing on phenolic content, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase properties of aqueous extracts of three tropical leafy vegetables. J Food Biochem. 2018; 42(4):1-13.
Lim Y and Huh MK. Inhibitory effect of DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydroxyl radicals (OH) activity of
Solanum tuberosum. Eur J Pharm Med Res. 2017; 4(8):419-423.
Alisi CS, Ojiako AO, Igwe CU, Ujowundu CO, Anugweje K, Okwu GN. Antioxidant content and free Radical Scavenging Activity of Honeys of Apis mellifera of Obudu Cattle Ranch. Int J Biochem Res Rev. 2012; 2(4):164-175.