Phytochemical Screening, Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Efficacy of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> Extracts and Essential Oil against <i>Culex pipiens</i> http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i1.35

Main Article Content

Fouad El-akhal
Abdellatif Alami
Naima Chahmi
Touria Filali Mouatassem
Youness El Fattouhi
Moussa Benboubker
Rachid Amaiach
Rachid Benrezzouk
Khalid Taghzouti
Fatima Zahra Talbi
Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami

Abstract

Culex mosquitoes, as nuisance insects and primary vectors of disease, present an important risk to animal and human health. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the larvicidal potential of various extracts (ethanolic, hydro-ethanolic, and essential oil) of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) against the larvae of Culex pipiens. Ethanolic and hydro-ethanolic extracts from Syzygium aromaticum were prepared by ultrasonication, and their composition was determined by phytochemical screening. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was performed to characterize the Syzygium aromaticum essential oil, which was produced through hydro-distillation. The extracts were tested for their larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens larvae and the LC50 and LC90 values were determined. The results of the phytochemical screening of the ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts indicated the presence of flavonoids, sterols, terpenes, coumarins, glycosides, and gall tannins. The chemical composition analysis also revealed that eugenol (78.82%) and caryophyllene (16.51%) were the main compounds present in the essential oil. The LC50 and LC90 values obtained for the hydro-ethanolic extract were 557.90 and 939.71 ppm, respectively, while values of 400.14 and 743.32 ppm, respectively, were recorded for the ethanolic extract. The lethal LC50 and LC90 values of the Syzygium aromaticum essential oil demonstrated effectiveness at 1.220 and 5.260 ppm, respectively. Results of this study showed that extracts of Syzygium aromaticum have larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens and could be explored in the development of novel and sustainable mosquito control strategies.

Article Details

How to Cite
El-akhal, F., Alami, A., Chahmi, N., Mouatassem, T. F., Fattouhi, Y. E., Benboubker, M., … Lalami, A. E. O. (2024). Phytochemical Screening, Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Efficacy of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> Extracts and Essential Oil against <i>Culex pipiens</i>: http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i1.35. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 8(1), 5962–5967. Retrieved from https://tjnpr.org/index.php/home/article/view/3412
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Author Biographies

Fouad El-akhal, Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Regional Health Directorate, Mohamed V Hospital, Al‑Hoceima, 32000, , Morocco

Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Mohammed-V, Rabat, 10000, Morocco

Rachid Amaiach, Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Catalysis and Environment, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, School of Technology, Fez, 30000, Morocco

Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Fez, Regional Health Directorate, EL Ghassani Hospital, Fez, 30000, Morocco

Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami, Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Fez, Regional Health Directorate, EL Ghassani Hospital, Fez, 30000, Morocco

Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez,30000, Morocco

Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Catalysis and Environment, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, School of Technology, Fez, 30000, Morocco

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