Biocidal Evaluation of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Jatropha tanjorensis by Inhibition of Dehydrogenase Activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i6.22
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Abstract
Assay of enzyme activity generates accurate biochemical data for evaluating microbial activities. Assay of dehydrogenase activity of test organisms eliminates underestimation of viable cells and lack of homogeneity in distribution which characterize cultural methods. In this study the antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethanol leaf extract of Jatropha tanjorensis (ELJT) was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans using the inhibition of total dehydrogenase activity (DHA) method. Inhibition of DHA of the test organisms by ELJT was determined and compared to standard antibiotic (Ciprofloxacin). Total DHA was assayed using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride as artificial electron acceptor which was reduced to red-coloured triphenylformazan (TPF). Pure cultures of Staphylococcus and Candida species were exposed to varied concentrations of ELJT (0 – 2000 μg/ml). ELJT exhibited concentration dependent response against tested organisms. Total DHA was progressively inhibited mostly in a logistic dose-response fashion in the test organism by the extracts and standard drug. The extract and standard drug achieved 80% inhibition within the tested doses (0-2000 μg/ml). Threshold inhibitory concentrations (IC50) and IC80 for ELJT against S. aureus were 102.350 ± 6.14 µg/ml, and 440.930 ±26.46 µg/ml respectively, while ciprofloxacin showed 100% inhibition at 447.911 ± 26.87 µg/ml. The IC50 and IC80 for ELJT against C. albicans were 26.821 ± 1.34 µg/ml, and 58.895 ± 4.12 µg/ml respectively, while ciprofloxacin showed 80% inhibition at 5.742 ± 0.40 g/ml. These results indicate J. tanjorensis extract as a viable antimicrobial source, useful in complimentary management and treatment of infections caused by S. aureus and C. albicans.
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