Phytochemical and <i>In vitro</i> Antifungal Evaluation of Some Selected Leaf Extracts against Fungi Associated with <i>Sesamum indicium</i> (seeds) Spoilage within Dekina Local Government Area, Kogi East, Nigeria: A Molecular Approach http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i12.44
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Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of Nigeria's most important oil crops, effective storage is still a leading problem with the preservation of sesame. Fungal infestation of sesame is a major cause of spoilage. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential biocontrol agents of some selected plant extracts (Cymbogogon citratus, Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Reuwolfiea vomitoria) against four sesame seed spoilage heterotrophic fungi (Fusarium monoliforme, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria sesame, and Penicillium sp.). Infected seed samples of sesame were collected from different sesame farms within Dekina local government and its environs to isolate fungal pathogens. The in-vitro potential of the tested plant extracts was evaluated against four isolates of phytopathogenic heterotrophic fungi in an agar well diffusion method. A total of 281 heterotrophic fungi were isolated. Alternaria sesame (number of isolate (n) = 91) had the highest distribution, while Fusarium monoliforme had the lowest distribution (n = 19). Extract concentration was impassively proportional to antifungal activity across all the fungal isolates at P<0.005. The antifungal activity of some selected extracts Cymbogogon citratus, Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Reuwolfiea vomitoria) on the fungal isolates associated with sesame seed within Kogi East and its environs showed moderate antifungal activity (mycelium growth between 20 -60% across all test isolates). It thus offers a choice alternative in the preservation and processing of sesame seed within the region and the country.
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