Phytochemical screening, Antioxidant Activity and Ex Vivo Immunological-Associated Properties of a Halophyte Extract, Maytenus mekongensis In Sched
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i11.10
Keywords:
Maytenus mekongensis, Phytochemical screening, Antioxidant activity, Phagocytosis, Human macrophages, TNF-αAbstract
Maytenus mekongensis In Sched. is a halophyte found in the saline soil of Northeastern Thailand. This plant has been used in folk medicine for malnutrition in children. However, the medicinal properties and immunological-associated properties are still unclear. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemical, biological and immune-associated activities of crude extracts from Maytenus mekongensis. The plant was separated into root, stem, and leaf and extracted using 70% ethanol. Crude extracts were examined for phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity. The cytotoxicity was determined on human red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC). Phagocytic activity and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) mRNA expression of human macrophages were analyzed. All parts of the plant contained alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, coumarin, tannins, terpenoids, and glycosides. Saponins were found only in the root extract. Root extract exhibited the highest (p ≤ 0.05) antioxidant activity with highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. The phenolic/flavonoid contents with antioxidant activity were very strongly (DPPH, R2 > 0.9) and moderately (ABTS, R2 > 0.51–0.7) correlated. Cell viability of WBCs, CD14+ monocytes and CD14- non-monocytes were increased after treatment with crude extracts. The root, stem, and leaf extracts had no hemolytic activity and enhanced phagocytosis activity of macrophages. Induction of TNF-α mRNA expression in macrophages treated with stem and leaf extracts was higher than when treated with root extracts. The study suggests that Maytenus mekongensis, shows promising properties with low cytotoxicity and immune-enhancing activities, and it might be used as an immune-boosting agent in immunodeficiency diseases.
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