Optimization of Cream Formulation Containing http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i11.22

Abstract

Peperomia pellucida and chitosan have several uses in medicine, like an antibacterial agent. Antibacterials can be developed in the form of cosmetic preparations such as creams. This work aims to develop creams using P. pellucida leaf extract and chitosan nanoparticles using Tween 80 as an emulsifier and cetyl alcohol as a stiffening agent to assess the physical properties and stability of these creams. P. pellucida was extracted by the maceration method using ethanol as a solvent. The ionic gelation technique was used to prepare chitosan nanoparticles. Eight different cream formulas were created using different amounts of cetyl alcohol and Tween 80. The physical characteristics of creams were evaluated including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, and viscosity. Software Design Expert was used for the optimisation, and the cycle test method was used to test the cream's stability. The extraction resulted in P. pellucida leaf extract with a yield of 13.37%. The characterisation of chitosan nanoparticles obtained an average particle size of 200.43±1.64 nm, a PDI of 0.347±0.01, and a zeta potential of –44.53±0.80 mV. The optimal formula of cream was obtained with a concentration of cetyl alcohol and Tween 80 of 3.8% and 6.1%, respectively. The viscosity, adhesion and spreadability of the cream were 9660±104.33 cps, 5.83±0.04 cm and 4.13±0.07 seconds, respectively. The cream provides good stability. Cetyl alcohol and Tween 80 were used to successfully produce a cream that contained P. pellucida leaf extract and chitosan nanoparticles and showed good stability.