Neuroprotective Effect of Beta-D-glucan Polysaccharide Fractionate of Auricularia Polytrichaon on Hyperglycaemia-Induced Cerebral Injury in Diabetic Animal Model doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i12.24
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Abstract
An edible mushroom Aricularia polytricha is used by local Nigerians in managing diabetes
related complications including infertility and diabetic neuropathy but this age long practice has
been going on without the corresponding acceptable experimentation. β-D-Glucan
polysaccharide is a bioactive fractionate of Auricularia polytricha, an edible mushroom with
nutritional and therapeutic properties. This study was intended to investigate the neuroprotective
effect of β-D-Glucan polysaccharide on hyperglycaemia-induced cerebral injury in diabetic
Wistar rats. Experiment animals were grouped into four; Group A served as normal control while groups B, C and D were induced with diabetes using 65 mg/kg.bw of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic animals in Groups C and D, were then treated with 120 mg/kg.bw and 200 mg/kg.bw of β-D-Glucan polysaccharide respectively. At termination, analysis of oxidative stress markers was done to estimate serum levels of the markers; histopathological examination was done to determine micro structural alteration of brain cells; cell quantification was also done to assess the degree of hypertrophy and proliferation of neurons. Statistical analysis was carried out using Analysis of Variance at p<0.05. Results showed that hyperglycaemic ambience induced a significant increase in serum level of oxidative stress markers with a concomitant increase in cell count, volume and mean size. However, levels of oxidative stress markers were significantly downgraded following β-D-Glucan polysaccharide administration. Glial cell aggregation and inflammatory infiltrates were also decreased when compared to diabetic control animals indicating reversal in cerebral damage. The present study suggests that β-D-Glucan polysaccharide has neuroprotective effect in diabetes-induced cerebral damage in Wistar rat.
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