Antibacterial Activity of Lantana camara montevidensis Leaf Extract on Wound Isolates Using Animal Models

doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i12.20

Abstract

Many communities in Nigeria and other African countries use plants to treat various infections, including wounds. This study was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Lantana camara montevidensis leaf extract on wound isolates using animal models. Lantana camara leaves were shade-dried, pulverized and extracted by Soxhlet method in methanol and water before standardization for use. Extract concentrations of 100 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL and 12.5 µg/mL were prepared for topical treatment of the Wistar rats’ incision wounds. Thirty healthy mature male Wistar rats weighing 120-170 g were used for this study. All the animals were wounded by making incisions on the neck region close to the scapula with initial wound area of 20.0 mm2 . Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were introduced into each wound incision. Results revealed that the susceptibility rate to antibiotics ranged from 10.0% – 70.0%. The susceptibility rate of the bacterial isolates to different concentrations of the extract (100, 50, 25 and 12.5 µg/mL) ranged from 0.0 – 60.0%. The isolates were most susceptible to 100 µg/mL methanol extract but were all resistant to the aqueous extract. Methanol extract had broad spectrum antimicrobial activity on wound isolates. Histologically,there was damaged tissue repair indicated by the presence of fibrocollagen formation with mild inflammatory cells. Therefore, Lantana camara  ontevidensis crude extract may be used for bacterial wound infection management.