Total Carotenoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Sawo Walanda (Pouteria campechiana Kunth. Baehni) Extract from Various Solvents http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i7.28

Abstract

Pouteria campechiana, also known as sawo walanda in Indonesia, is known for its high abundance of carotenoids, which are recognized for their antioxidant properties. The extraction of these constituents involves a crucial step of selecting an appropriate solvent, as indicated by several studies. Therefore, this study aims to assess the antioxidant activity as well as determine the total
carotenoid content of P. campechiana fruit and leaf extract in various solvents. The study methodology involved extraction using the maceration method with n-hexane and ethyl acetate as solvents. Antioxidant activity and determination of total carotenoid were carried out using UVVissible spectrophotometry. DPPH was used as a free radical, while ß-carotene served as the standard for total carotenoid content. The results showed that n-hexane fruit (NF) extract had the highest total carotenoid concentration (70.028 gBEQ/100 g extract), while n-hexane leaf (NL) extract had the lowest (39.540 gBEQ/100 g extract). Ethyl acetate leaf (EL) extract exhibited better antioxidant activity with IC50 of 3.094 µg/mL±0.82 compared to NL (9.270 µg/mL±1.201), ethyl acetate fruit (EF) (31.516 µg/mL±1.786), and NF (45.382 µg/mL±2.31) extracts. Based on the statistical analysis results, the coefficient correlation of total carotenoid content with IC50 DPPH was r = 0.855, p<0.01. This indicated that an increase in total carotenoid content did not always lead to a proportional increment in the inhibition of DPPH. These findings revealed that n-hexane solvent was more suitable for extracting carotenoids from the fruit part, while ethyl acetate was more appropriate for the leaf. Furthermore, the fruit and leaf extract of P. campechiana had potential antioxidant activity as natural ingredients in the food and pharmaceutical industries.