Hepatoprotective Effects of Methanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum L. Leaves (Salam) on High Fat Diet
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i12.8
Keywords:
Hepatoprotective, Hypercholesterolemia, Syzygium polyanthum (Wight), Lipid accumulationAbstract
Dyslipidemia (hyperlipidemia) is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. var. polyanthum leaves are widely consumed as a traditional Indonesia treatment. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp extract in decreasing hypercholesterolemia in Wistar rats. Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp extract (0.72, 0.9 and 1.08 g/day) was administered by gavage to the high fat diet-induced hipercholesterolemia in rats for 2 weeks. The result revealed that the extract administration reduced total cholesterol levels (P<0.05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P<0.05), and triglyceride (TG) (P<0.05) without alteration of body weight. Furthermore, the histological analysis showed that Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) extract decreased lipid accumulation in the liver (p < 0.05). It is concluded that Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) extract significantly lowered total cholesterol and led to lipid accumulation reduction in the liver in hypercholesterolemic Wistar Rat model.
References
Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ. Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 2016; 388:1459–1544.
Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, Barengo NC. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020; 76:2982–3021.
Sudha MR, Chauhan P, Dixit K, Babu S, Jamil K. Probiotics as complementary therapy for hypercholesterolemia. BiolMed. 2009; 1:1–13.
Scordo K and Pickett KA. CE: Triglycerides: Do They Matter? AJN Am. J. Nurs. 2017; 117:24–31.
Li Y, Ma Z, Jiang S, Hu W, Li T, Di S, Wang D, Yang Y. A global perspective on FOXO1 in lipid metabolism and lipidrelated diseases. Prog Lipid Res. 2017; 66:42–49.
Malloy MJ and Kane JP. Agents used in dyslipidemia. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. McGraw Hill Companies, New York. 2012; 619–634p.
Walker BR and Colledge NR. Davidson’s principles and practice of medicine e-book: With Student Consult Online Access. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013. 1376 p.
Sutrisna E, Nuswantoro Y, Said RF. Hypolipidemic of ethanolic extract of Salam bark (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) from Indonesia (Preclinical study). Drug Invent Today. 2018; 10(1):55-58.
Saputro ED. Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews. 2021; 1:24–27.
Hartanti L, Yonas SMK, Mustamu JJ, Wijaya S, SetiawanHK, Soegianto L. Influence of extraction methods of bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) on antioxidant and HMGCoA Reductase inhibitory activity. Heliyon. 2019; 5:e01485.
Tungmunnithum D, Thongboonyou A, Pholboon A, Yangsabai A. Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds from Medicinal Plants for Pharmaceutical and Medical Aspects: An Overview. Med. (Basel, Switzerland) 2018; 5:93.
Bok SH, Lee SH, Park YB, Bae KH, Son KH, Jeong TS, Choi MS. Plasma and hepatic cholesterol and hepatic activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase and acyl CoA: cholesterol transferase are lower in rats fed citrus peel extract or a mixture of citrus bioflavonoids. J Nutr.1999; 129:1182–1185.
Widyaningsih W. Efek Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Temugiring (Curcuma Heyneana Val) Terhadap Kadar Trigliserid A. Pharmaciana 2011; 1(1):55-56.
Canene-Adams K. Chapter Fifteen - Preparation of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Tissue for Immunohistochemistry. in Laboratory Methods in Enzymology: Cell, Lipid and Carbohydrate. Academic Press2013; 533: 225-233.
Kleczek P, Jaworek-Korjakowska J, Gorgon M. A novel method for tissue segmentation in high-resolution H&Estained histopathological whole-slide images. Comput Med Imaging Graph. 2020; 79:101686.
Timmers S, Bosch JDVDB, Wit ND, Schaart G, Beurden DV, Hesselink M, Meer RVD, Schrauwen P. Differential effects of saturated versus unsaturated dietary fatty acids on weight gain and myocellular lipid profiles in mice. Nutr. Diabetes 2011; 1:e11–e11.
Shoumen L, Rahman MM, Parvez F, Zamila M, Miah P, Nahar K, Kabir F. High-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in obese rats are ameliorated by yogurt supplementation. Sci Rep. 2019; 9:20026.
Ekananda NAR. Bay leaf in dyslipidemia therapy. J Major.2015; 4 (4): 64-69.
Panche AN, Diwan AD, Chandra SR. Flavonoids: an overview. J. Nutr. Sci. 2016; 5:e47–e47.
Mahdi Y, Roshangar L, Farhangi MA, Mesgari-Abbasi M, Rafiei L, Shahabi P. Histologic, metabolic, and inflammatory changes in the liver of high-fat diet-induced obese rats before and after Vitamin D administration. Iran. J. Allergy, Asthma Immunol. 2019; 18:402–411.
Lelono RA. Extracts as inhibitors of key enzymes for type 2 diabetes. J Med Sci. 2013; 13:103–110.
Rahim ENNA, Ismail A, Omar MN, Rahmat UN, Ahmad WANW. GC-MS analysis of phytochemical compounds in Syzygium polyanthum leaves extracted using ultrasoundassisted method. Pharmacogn J. 2018; 10 (1): 110-119
Kusuma IW, Kuspradini H, Arung ET, Aryani F, Min YH, Kim JK, Kim YU. Biological Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Three Indonesian Medicinal Plants, Murraya koenigii, Syzygium polyanthum and Zingiber purpurea. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2011; 4:75–79.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
