Artonin E: A Short Review of its Chemistry, Sources, Anti-Cancer Activities and Other Pharmacological Properties
http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i6.1
Keywords:
Anoiki, Apoptosis, Positive control, 5'-Hydroxymorusin, ArtocarpusAbstract
In this short article, the chemistry, sources, anti-cancer and other medicinal properties of artonin E are reviewed for the first time. Sources of information cited on this prenylated flavonoid were from databases such as Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, J-Stage, Web of Science and PubChem. Artonin E or 5'-hydroxymorusin is a prenylated flavonoid from Artocarpus species (Moraceae). Its structure is that of a 3-isoprenyl 2',4',5'-trioxygenated flavone. Artonin E has been reported mostly in the root and bark of 12 Artocarpus species. The strong cytotoxic activities of artonin E are well-established and scientists from universities in Indonesia have been using artonin E as positive control when testing the cytotoxicity of compounds isolated from various plant species. The anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of artonin E have been reported in breast, lung, ovarian, colon and gastric cancer cells. Effects include apoptosis, anoikis, antiproliferation, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of migration and invasion, and overcoming tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) resistance. Mechanisms include activation of caspases, up-regulation of apoptotic proteins and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins. Artonin E is endowed with a wealth of other medicinal properties. A brief account on
the medicinal properties and sources of other artonins is provided. Some prospects and further research on artonin E and other artonins are suggested.
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