Population Genetic Structure of Feral and Cultured African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) inferred from Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA in Kano, Nigeria \http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i3.27
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Information on the genetic structure of fish is a useful means for optimizing identification of stocks, stock enhancement, breeding programs, management of sustainable yield and preservation genetic diversity. The population genetic structure of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in cultured population and feral populations from Rivers Guzuguzu, Fada and Magaga (Kano State) were investigated using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Using a CTAB protocol, genomic DNA was extracted from the caudal peduncle of 157 samples of live specimen collected from each population. Five RAPD primers were used to amplify different loci on the extracted genomic DNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and the resultant DNA fragments were analyzed on agarose gel. A total of 406 reproducible bands were obtained in four populations for five primers. The dendrogram separated the four C. gariepinus populations into two distinct clades, Guzuguzu and Fada populations being in one clade, while Magaga and Cultured populations belonged to the other clade. The results based on RAPD-PCR profile ranged from 0.012 in Magaga/Cultured to 0.089 in Guzuguzu/Cultured. The genetic
identity of C. gariepinus from four populations also ranged between 0.885 in Magaga/Guzguzu to 0.998 in Magaga/Cultured. The Nei’s genetic distance and identity also confirmed the above information with the following ranges: 0.002 in Fada/Cultured to 0.102 in Magaga/Guzuguzu, and 0.903 in Magaga/Guzuguzu to 1.000 in Magaga/Cultured respectively. In conclusion, the genetic diversity and allele richness of the feral and domestic fish populations were comparable.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Wu L, Yang J. Identifications of captive and wild tilapia species existing in Hawaii by Mitochondrial DNA Control Region Sequence. PLoS one. 2012; 7(12): e51731.
Limburg KE, Waldman JR. Dramatic declines in north Atlantic diadromous fish. Biosci. 2009; 59: 955–965.
Jagadeesh TD, Ahmad RM, Chethan N, Divya- Kumari HV, Suresh AN. Effect of dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide on water quality parameters in a recirculatory aquaculture system. Eur. J. Expl. Biol, 2013; 3: 48–55.
Frankel OH, Soule M.E. Conservation and evolution. New York, USA: Cambridge University Press. 1981: 278-309.
Popoola OM, Fasakin EA, Awopetu JI. Genetic Variability in cultured and wild populations of C. gariepinus (Osteichthys: clariidae) using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Marker. Croat. Jour. Fish. 2014; 72:5–11.
Kim UK, Jorgenson E, Coon H, Leppert M, Risch N, Drayna D. Positional cloning of the human quantitative trait locus
underlying taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide. Sci. 2003; 299 (5610):1221-1225.
Koutrakis ET, Tsikliras AC. Length-weight relationships of fishes from three northern Aegean estuarine systems (Greece). J. Appl. Ichthy. 2003; 19:258- 260.
Kim YJ, Kim JC, Lee YS, Lee WO, Jo YC, Lee JS. The use and conservation in the molecular phylogeny of fish
mitochondrial DNAs in Korean Waters. Kor. Jour. Limy. 2003b; 36:221–234.
Rashid J, Faozia MT, Mostafa AH, Md, Samsul A. Genetic variation in endangered butter catfish, Ompok bimaculatus (bloch) populations revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting. Int. J. Biosci. 2012; 2(9):85-93.
Lynch M, Conery J, Burger R. Mutation accumulation and the extinction of small populations. Am. Nat. 1995; 146:489– 518.
Loew SS. The role of genetics in conservation biology In: Quantitative Methods for Conservation Biology (eds. Ferson S, Burgman M), Springer Verlag, NY. 2000; 226–258pp.
Simonsen V, Hansen MM, Mensberg KLD, Alam MD, Sarder MD. Widespread hybridization among species of Indian major carps in hatcheries, but not in the wild. J. Fish Bio. 2005; 67:794–808.
Van der Walt, LD, Van der Bank FH, Steyn GJ. The suitability of using cryopreservation of spermatozoa for the conservation of genetic diversity in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Comp. Biochem. Physio. 1993;106(2):m313-
Ponniah AG. Conservation of carp genetic resources of India. In: Gupta, M.V., Dey, M. M., Dunham, R., Bimbao, G. (eds), Proceedings of Collaborative Research and Training on Genetic Improvement of Carp species in Asia. Central
Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga. 1997; 95-96.
Mickett K, Morton C, Feng J, Li P, Simmons M. Assessing Genetic Diversity of Domestic Populations of Channel
Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Alabama Using AFLP Markers. Aquac. 2003; 228:91-105.
Moruf RO, Adekoya KO. Genetic heterogeneity of portunid crab populations from three interconnecting topical lagoons. Pol. J. Nat. Sci. 2020; 35(3):301–311.
NPC. National Population Commission: Provisional Census Figures for Kano State, Federal Republic of Nigeria. 2006.
Moses Y, Olufeagba SO. An exposition on field identification of Clariid catfishes as an important tool in fish breeding and genetics. Manual of the National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Niger state. 2009.
Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are
useful as genetic markers, Nucleic Acids Res. 1990; 18: 6531-6535.
Thorpe JP, Sole-Cava AM. The use of allozyme electrophoresis in invertebrate systematics. Zoologica Scripta. 1994; 23:3-18.
Ikpeme EV, Udensi OU, Ekaluo UB, Kooffreh ME, Okolo CM. Unveiling the Genetic Diversity in Clarias gariepinus
(Burchell, 1822) Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Fingerprinting Technique. Asian J. Anim. Sci. 2015; 9:187-197.
Garg RK, Sairkar P, Silawat N, Vijay N, Batav N, Mehrotra NN. Assessment of genetic diversity of Clarias batrachus
using RAPD markers in three water bodies of Bhopal. Journal of Environmental Biology. 2010; 31:749-753.
Saad YM, Ali SF, Hanafi MS, Ezza MA, Guerges AA. Genetic Signature of Some Egyptian Clarias gariepinus
Populations. Global Veterinaria. 2009; 3:503-508.
Sultana S, Akter S, Hossain MAR, Alam MS. DNA fingerprinting of the Asian stinging catfish (Heteropneustes
fossilis, Bloch) by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers. Int. J. Bio. Appl. 2010; 2(2);5-10.
Khedkar GD, Reddy ACS, Persis M, Ravinder K, Muzumdar K. Clarias batrachus (Linn.1758) population is lacking
genetic diversity in India. Mol. Biol. Reports. 2010; 37:1355-1362.
Hassanien HA. Use of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis to detect genetic variation in Seabass
Dicentrarchus labrax. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2008; 3:39-46.
Rahman SMZ, Khan, MR., Islam, S., Alam, MS. Genetic variation of wild and hatchery populations of the catla Indian
major carp (Catla catla Hamilton 1822: Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) revealed by RAPD markers. Genet. Mol. Biol. 2009; 32:197-201.
Islam MS, Alam MS. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of four different populations of the Indian
major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 2004; 20:407 412.
El-Hawary SS, Ashour R, El-Bishbishy MH, Okba MM, Hassan HA. Comparative botanical and genetic diversity study of different cultivars of Sesamum indicum L.
Cultivated in Egypt. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2020; 4(10):748-755