Antifungal Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L. Extracts against Tomato Grey Mould doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i2.3
Main Article Content
Abstract
Grey mould is a disease caused by Botrytis cinerea. This disease is often controlled by fungicides which pose a real threat to human health and the environment. This study is part of the search for harmless and non-polluting alternatives, such as aromatic and medicinal plant extracts. Thus, organic extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L. were tested for their antifungal properties against Botrytis cinerea in vitro (on PDA medium), on mycelial growth and in vivo, on tomato plant and fruit rot. The results obtained revealed that in vitro, the extracts of R. officinalis L. and S. officinalis L. all exceeded 50% mycelial growth inhibition at 800 ppm. By comparing the IC50 values, petroleum ether extract of Salvia officinalis L. is the most effective (IC50 = 161.65 ppm), while the methanol extracts of the two plants studied are the least effective. In vivo only petroleum ether and chloroform extracts exceed 50% of rot inhibition on plant and fruit in both of preventive treatment and curative treatment. While methanol extracts do not exceed 20% and 50% of rot inhibition on plants and fruit respectively. The thin Layer chromatography (TLC) analyses revealed that the extracts studied are rich in terpenes, sterols and polyphenols, such as tannins and coumarins.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Dean R, Van Kan J, Pretorius ZA, Hammond-Kosack KE, Di Pietro A, Spanu PD, Rudd JJ, Dickman M, Kahmann R, Ellis J, Foster GD. The top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology. Mol Plant Pathol. 2012; (13):414–430.
Fillinger S and Elad Y. Botrytis – the Fungus, the Pathogen and Its Management in Agricultural Systems. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. 2016. 1stChapter: 1:1-15p
Elad Y, Williamson B, Tudzynski P,Delen N. (Eds.), Botrytis, biology, pathology and control, Kluwer Academic Publisher, TheNetherlands.2004; 1–8p.
Hmouni A, Oihabi A, Badoc A, Douira A. Resistance of Botrytis cinerea to benzimidazoles, dicaroximides and dithiocarbamates in sheltered tomato crops in the Gharb region, Bull Soc Pharm Bordeaux. 2003; 142:79–100.
Thakore Y. The biopesticide market for global agricultural use. IndBiotechnol. 2006; 2(3):294–308.
Mishari J, Tewari S, Singh S, Arora NK. Biopesticides : where we stand?In: N.K. Arora (ed). Plant microbes symbiosis. Appliedsfacets. 2015.
Deravel J, Krier F, Jacque P. Biopesticides, complements and alternatives to phytosanitary chemical products (bibliographic synthesis). BiotechnolAgronSocEnviron. 2014; 18(2):220-232.
Grange N and Ahmed S. Handbook of plants with pest control properties, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1988;470p.
Davidson PM and Parish ME. Methods for testing the efficacy of food antimicrobials. Food Technol. 1989; 43:48–155.
El Ouadi Y, Manssouri M, Bouyanzer A, Majidi L, Lahhit N, Bendaif H, Costa J, Chetouani A, Elmsellem H, HammoutiB.Essential oil composition and antifungal activity of Salvia officinalis originating from North-East Morocco, against postharvest phytopathogenic fungi in
apples, Der Pharma Chem. 2015; 7(9):95e102.
Fennane M, IbnTattou M, Mathez J, Ouyahia A, El Oualidi J. Practical flora of Morocco. Manual of determination of vascular plants. Volume 2, Angiospermae (LeguminosaeLentibulariaceae), Scientific Institute, Mohammed-V-Agdal University, Rabat, 2007;(648p).
Mouria B, Ouazzani-Touhami A, MouriaA, Douira A. Evidence of intra-specific variation in Botrytis cinerea and in vitro biological control using compost extract. J ApplBiosci. 2013; 64:4797–4812.
Sukhdev SH, Preet SKS, Gennaro L, Rakesh DD. Extraction Technologies for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. International centre for science and high technology, Trieste, 2008. 21-25 p.
Ladyguina EY, Safronitch LN, Otriachenkova VE, Bolandina IA, GrinkevitchNI. Chemical analysis of medicinal plants. Edition Moskva,
Vischaya Chkola. 1983. 347 p.
Bruneton J. Pharmacognosy Photochemistry of Medicinal Plants, 3rd edition, Technique and Documentation Lavoisier; Paris ;France. 1999. 231-236 p.
Ciulei I. Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs.PracticalManual on the Industrial Utilisation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.
Bucharest, Romania, 1982. 1-62 p.
Akbari J, Saeedi M, Farzin D, Morteza-Semnani K, EsmailiZ. Pharm Biol. 2015; 53:1442-1447.
Tak JH, Jovel E, Isman MB. Comparative and synergistic activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil constituents against the larvae and an ovarian cell line of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).PestManag Sci. 2016; 72:474-480.
Mekonnen A, Yitayew B, Tesema A, Taddese S. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Thymus schimperi, Matricaria chamomilla, Eucalyptus globulus, and Rosmarinus officinalis. Int J Microbiol. 2016; (4):1-8.
Kadhim SM, Mohammed MT, Ahmed OM, Noori JAM. Study of some Salvia officinalis L. (sage) components and effect of their aqueous extract on antioxidant. Int J Chem Sci. 2016;14(2):711-719.
Boloug EK, Attioua B, N’guessan AC, Coulibaly A, N’guessanJD, Djaman,AJ. In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Terminalia glaucescens Planch. on Salmonella typhi and Salmonella typhimurium, Bull Soc Roy SciLiege. 2011; 80:772–790.
Hyldgaard M, Mygind T, Meyer RL. Essential oils in food preservation: mode of action, synergies, and interactions with food matrix components. Front Microbiol.2012; 3:12.
Muslim SN and Hussin ZS. Chemical compounds and synergistic antifungal properties of Thymus kotschanusessential oil plus ketoconazole against Candida spp. Gene Rep. 2020; 21:100916.
Chen F, Peng S, Chen B-M, Ni G, Liao H. Allelopathic potential and volatile compounds of Rosmarinusofficinalis L. against weeds. Allelopath J. 2013; 32:57–66.
Nieto G. Biological Activities of Three Essential Oils of the Lamiaceae Family. Medicines. 2017; 4:63.
Maccioni A, Santo A, Falconieri D, Piras A, Farris E, Maxia A, Bacchetta G. Phytotoxic effects of Salvia rosmarinus essential oil on Acacia saligna seedling growth. Flora-Morphol. DistribFunctEcol Plants. 2020; 269:151639.
Zhang X, Guo Y, Guo L, Jiang H, Ji Q. In vitro evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Melaleucaal ternifolia essential oil. BioMed Res Int. 2018; 2018:1–8.
Feng G, Zhang XS, Zhang ZK, Ye HC, Liu YQ, Yang GZ, Chen C, Chen M, Yan C, Wang LY, Zhang JX, Zhang J. Fungicidal activities of camptothecin semisynthetic derivatives against Colletotrichumgloeosporioides in vitro and in mango fruit. PostharvBiol Technol. 2019; 147:139-147.
Jahani M, Pira M, Aminifard MH. Antifungal effects of essential oils against Aspergillusnigerin vitro and in vivo on pomegranate (Punicagranatum) fruits. SciHorticult. 2020; 264:109188.
Luana FM, Douglas RSB, Emanuel da CL, Kamilla de AD, Daniela Maria do AFN, Jéssica LRA, Gutierres NS. Chemical composition and insecticidal effect of essential oils from Illiciumverum and Eugenia caryophyllus on Callosobruchusmaculatus in cowpea. Ind Crops Prod.
; 145:112088.
Mehdizadeh L, Taheri P, Ghasemi P, Moghaddam M. Phytotoxicity and antifungal properties of the essential oil from the Juniperuspolycarpos var. turcomanica (B. Fedsch.) R.P. Adams leaves. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2020; 26(4):759–771.
Raspo MA, Vignola MB, Andreatta AE, Juliani HR. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of citrus essential oils from Argentina and the United States. Food Biosci. 2020; 36:100651.
Zatla AT, Dib MA, Djabou N, Ilias F, Costa J, Muselli A. Antifungal activities of essential oils and hydrosol extracts of Daucuscarotasubspsativus for the control of fungal pathogens, in particular gray rot of strawberry during storage. J Essent Oil Res. 2017; 29:391-399.
Crespo ME, Jimenez J, Gomis E, Navarro C. Antimicrobial activity of theessential oil of Thymus serpylloidessubspecies gadorensis, Microbios. 1990; 61:181–184.
Pepeljnjak S, Kosalec I, Kalodera Z, Kustrak D. Natural antimycotics fromCroatian plants. In: M.K. Rai, R. Rai (Eds.), Plant-derived antimycotics, The Haworth Press,Binghamton, NY, USA, 2003; 49–81p.
Robledo N, Vera P, Lopez L, Yazdani-Pedram M, Tapia C, Abugoch L. Thymolnanoemulsions incorporated in quinoa protein/chitosan edible films; antifungal effect in cherry tomatoes. Food Chem. 2018; 246:211–219.
Zhang J, Ma S, Du S, Chen S, Sun H. Antifungal activity of thymol and carvacrol against postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea. J Food Sci Technol. 2019; 56:2611–2620.
Juven BJ, Kanner J, Schved F, Weisslovicz H. Factors that can interact with the antibacterial action of thyme essential oil and its active constituents. J Appl Bacteriol. 1994; 76:626–631.
Lopez-Malo A, Alzamora SM, Palou E. Aspergillus flavus growth in the presenceof chemical preservatives and naturally occurring antimicrobial compounds. Int J Food Microbiol. 2005; 99:119–128.
Wendakoon CN and Sakaguchi M. Inhibition of Amino Acid Decarboxylase Activity of Enterobacter aerogenes by Active Components in Spices. J FoodProt. 1995; 58(3):280-283.
Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. J ApplMicrobiol. 1990; 1(86):985-990.
Daroui-Mokaddem H. Phytochemical and biological study of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae), Smyrnium olusatrum (Apiaceae), Asteriscus maritimus and Chrysanthemum trifurcatum (Asterarceae). Doctoral thesis. Option: Applied biochemistry. Badji-Mokhtar University, Annaba, 2011.p17
Remsey C and Manach O. Interest of polyphénols in preventive nutrition 96.Inra Paris1998. Les colloques. 1998; 87:251-256.
Palou L, Smilanick JL, Droby S. Alternatives to conventional fungicides for the control of citrus postharvest green and blue moulds. Stewart Postharv Rev. 2008; 4(2):1-16.
Prakash B, Kedia A, Mishra PK, Dubey NK. Plant essential oils as foodpreservatives to control moulds, mycotoxin contamination and oxidative deterioration ofagrifood commodities - Potentials and challenges. Food Control. 2015; 47:381-391.
Freiesleben S and Jager AK. Correlation between Plant Secondary Metabolites and Their Antifungal Mechanisms–A Review. Med Arom Plants. 2014; 03(02):1–6.
Gutierrez-del-Río I, Fernandez J, Lombo F. Plant nutraceuticals as antimicrobial agents in food preservation: Terpenoids, polyphenols and thiols. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018; 52(3):309-315.
Tariq S, Wani S, Rasool W, Shafi K, Bhat MA, Anil P, Aabid H, Rather MA. A comprehensive review of the antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral potential of essential oils and their chemical constituents against drug-resistant microbial pathogens. Microbial Pathogen. 2019;
:103580.
Masson TL and Wasserman BP. Inactivation of red beet beta-glucan synthesis by native and oxidized phenolic compounds. Phytochem. 1987; 26:2197-2202.
Farag RS, Daw ZY, Hewedi FM, El-Baroly GSA. Antimicrobial activity ofsome Egyptian spice essential oils. J Food Prot. 1989; 52:665-667.
Celimene CC, Micales JA, Ferge L, Young RA. Efficacy of pinosylvins againstwhite-rot and brown-rot fungi. Holzforschung. 1999; 53:491-497.
Cowan MM. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical microbiology reviews. 1999; 12(4):564-570.
Grayer RJ and Harborne JB. A survey of antifungal compounds from higher plants,1982-1993. Phytochem. 1994; 37:19-42.
Jimenez-Gonzalez L, Alvarez-Corral M, Munoz-Dorado M, Rodriguez-Garcia I. Pterocarpans: interesting natural products with antifungal activity and other biologicalproperties, Phytochem Rev. 2008; 7:125-154.
Sulaiman S, Ibrahim D, Kassim J, Sheh-HongL. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of condensed tannin from Rhizophoraapiculata barks. J Chem Pharm Res. 2011; 3:436-444.
Chung KT and Wei CI. Are tannins a double edged sword in biology and healthTrends. Food Sci Technol. 2001; 9:168-175.
Lanchoti Fiori GM, Fachin AL, Correa VSC, Bertoni BW, Giuliatti S, Amui SF. Antimicrobial activity and rates of tannins in Stryphnodendron adstringens Mart. accessions collected in the Brazilian Cerrado. Am J Plant Sci. 2013; 4:2193-2198.
Akroum A. Antifungal activity of acetone extracts from Punica granatum L., Quercussuber L. and Viciafaba L.2017; 27(1):83-89.
Essawi T and Srour M. Screening of some Palestinian plants for antibacterial activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000; 70:343–349.
Cox SD, Mann CM, Markham JL, Bell HC, Gustafson JE, Warmington JR, Wyllie SG. The mode of antimicrobial action of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree oil). J ApplMicrobiol. 2000; 88:170–175.
Inoue Y, Shiraishi A, Hada T, Hirose K, Hamashima H, Shimada J. The antibacterial effects of terpene alcohols on Staphylococcus aureus and their mode of action, FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2004; 237:325–331.
Fleuriet A and Macheix JJ. Effects of anaerobic conditions on phenolic compounds phenolic compounds of "Cherry" tomato fruits. PhysiolVég. 1976; 14:407-414.