Antihyperglycaemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Root Extract and Fractions af Hippocratea africana doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i3.23
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Abstract
Hippocratea africana is a medicinal plant whose roots are employed for the treatment of diabetes mellitus traditionally. The root extract 200-600 mg/kg) and fractions; n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and methanol (400 mg/kg) of H. africana were assessed for blood glucose and lipids lowering activities, and pancreas protective potentials in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) level was monitored using glucometer, determination of serum insulin and lipids levels and histopathological evaluation of the pancreas were carried out using standard methods. Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of root extract and fractions was carried out using ferric reducing power assay (FRAP), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay. Extract/fraction treatment of diabetic rats lead to significant (p<0.05) lowering in FBG of treated diabetic rats in single and repeated dosing studies with n-hexane fraction exhibiting the highest effect. The extract/fractions also exhibited significant (p<0.01) elevation of serum insulin levels accompanied with decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. The extract and fractions further lowered serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol, and increased high density lipoprotein (HDL)–cholesterol level in the diabetic rats. Pancreas histology depicted fewer pathological signs in the treated diabetic rats relative to untreated diabetic rats. Root extract and fractions exhibited antioxidant activity in all assays with ethyl acetate fraction exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity. The findings suggest that the root extract and fractions of H. africana possess anti-hyperglycemic, insulin secretion stimulatory, antihyperlipidemic, pancreas protective and antioxidant properties.
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