Investigation into the Gastro-protective Properties of Alstoniaboonei (De Wild) Leaves and Stem Bark
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i3.17
Keywords:
Alstonia boonei, Phytochemical screening, Gastro-protective activity, Acute toxicityAbstract
Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae) leaves and stem bark extracts have been described in folkloric medicine to be an effective analgesic for arthritis pain and also in the healing of wounds and ulcer. Occurrence of Gastro Intestinal Tract (GIT) I irritation and peptic ulcer disease are the major limitations in the use of Non-Steriodial anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in the treatment of pain and inflammation..This study examined the ability of Alstonia boonei stem bark and leaf extracts and fractions to prevent gastroduodenal mucosal damage by NSAID as a better alternative to the conventional ulcer protective drugs given their various individual shortcomings. The chloroform fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, n-hexane fraction and aqueous fractions of the leaves and stem bark of the plant were obtained by solvent-solvent fractionation and subjected to phytochemical screening. The gastro-protective activity of the crude methanol extract, chloroform fraction, ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves and stem bark were evaluated using NSAID (Diclofenac) induced ulcer model in albino rats. The qualiitative phytochemical analysis revealed that the leaves and stem bark both contained alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and carbohydrates while cardiac glycosides were present in the leaf but absent in the stem bark. The analyzed result revealed that all the extracts and fractions of Alstonia boonei stem bark and leaves possess significantly(p<0.00) gastro-protective activity which justifies its use in ethno medicine to treat GIT disorders. Its potential can be harnessed to be a source of lead compound(s) that can be used to prevent NSAID induced ulcers and associated complications.
References
Pan S, Zhou S, Gao S, Yu Z, Zhang S, Tang M, Ko K. New Perspectives on How to Discover Drugs from Herbal Medicines: CAM’s Outstanding Contribution to, modern therapeutics.BMC ComplAltern Med. 2013; 25(1):254-268.
EL-Omar EM, Oien K, EL-Nujumi A, Gillen D, Wirz A, Dahill S, Williams C, Ardill JE, McColl KE. Helicobacter pyloriinfection and chronic gastric acid hyposecretion. J Gastroenterol. 1997; 113(1):15–24.
Siddiqui A, Iram F, Siddiqui S, Sahu K. Role of Natural Products in Drug Discovery Process. Int J Drug Dev Res. 2014; 6(2):172-204.
Vera-arzave C, Antonio LC, Arrieta J, Cruz-hernández G, Velázquez-méndez AM, Reyes-Ramírez A, Sánchezmendoza ME. Gastroprotection of Suaveolol, Isolated from Hyptis suaveolens, against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Lesions in Wistar Rats: Role of Prostaglandins, Nitric Oxide and
Sulfhydryls. J Mole. 2012; 17(8):8917–8927.
Adotey JPK, Adukpo GE, Boahen YO, Armah FA. A Review of the Ethnobotany and Pharmacological Importance of Alstoniaboonei De Wild (Apocynaceae). ISRN Pharmacol. 2012; 2012(3):1-9.
Adinortey MB, Ansah C, Galyuon I, Nyarko A. In Vivo Models Used for Evaluation of Potential Antigastroduodenal Ulcer Agents. Hindawi Pub Corp Ulcers. 2013; 2013(4):1-12.
Satyajit DS and Luftun N. Evidence-based phytotherapy: what, why and how? J Trends Phytochem Res. 2018; 2 (3):125–126.
Rostom A, Dube C, Ga W, Tugwell P, Welch V, Jolicoeur E, Lanas A. Prevention of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal ulcers. This is a reprint of a Cochrane review, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration and published in The Cochrane Library 2011; 2(6):1-64
Fisher L and Fisher A. Acid-Suppressive Therapy and Risk of Infections: Pros and Cons. J Clin Drug Investig. 2017; 37(7):587-624.
Lam JR, Schneider JL, Zhao W, Corley DA. Proton pump inhibitor and histamine 2 receptor antagonist use and vitamin B12 deficiency. J Am Med Assoc. 2013; 310 (22):2435–2442.
Iniaghe LO, Okpo SO, Olung JE, Agharese A. Analgesic Effect of Methanol Leaf Extract of Alstonia boonei De Wild (Apocynaceae). Trop J Pharm Res. 2012; 11(5):793–798.
Akinnawo OO, Anyasor GN, Osilesi O. Aqueous fraction of Alstonia boonei de Wild leaves suppressed inflammatory responses in carrageenan and formaldehyde induced arthritic rats. J Biomed Pharmacotherapy, 2017a; 86(2):95-101.
Mehnoor F, Yasmeen R, Samreen AS, Mizna S, Sultana S. Phytochemical evaluation and pharmacological screening of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Polygonumglabrum for antiulcer activity in Wistar rats. Am J Pharm Sci. 2018; 5(2):872–881.
Tiwari P, Kumar B, Kaur M, Kaur G, Kaur H. Phytochemical screening and extraction: a review. Int J Pharm Sci. 2011; 1(3):98-106.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and development (OECD) Guideline for Testing Chemicals 425, Acute oral Toxicity: Up and Down Procedure. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Washington DC, USA. 2018.
Salami AT. Gastric ulcer-healing promoting activity of cobalt chloride on rats. Afr J Med Med Sci. 2018; 47(2):180-192.
Alefe NM, Seyfe AA, Mohammedbirhan A, Wahab A. Evaluation of Antiulcer Activity of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Root of Croton macrostachyus Hocsht: Ex Del. (Euphorbiaceae) in Rodents. Evid-Based ComplAltern Med 2020; 2(3):1-11.
Berezi EP, Uwakwe AA, Monago-Ighorodje CC, Nwauche KT. Gastroprotective potentials of aqueous leaf extracts of Phyllanthusamarus on ibuprofen-induced ulcer in Wistar rats.Int J Adv Res Biol Sci. 2017; 4(10):138-146.
Ronia M,Shanta A, Mst MB, Taslima B, Siraj UA, Riazul HT, Munny D, Amir H, Manju S, Rayhana B. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and gastric anti-ulcer activity of Phyllanthusniruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves in experimental rats.BMC ComplAltern Med. 2017; 17(1):267-274.
Nguelefack TB, Feumebo CB, Ateufack G, Watcho P, Tatsimo S, Atsamo AD, Tane P, Kamanyi A. Antiulcerogenic properties of the aqueous and methanol extracts from the leaves of Solanumtorvum Swartz (Solanaceae) in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008; 119(1):135-140.
Devi RS, Narayan S, Vani G, Devi CSS. Gastroprotective effect of Terminalia arjuna bark on diclofenac sodiuminduced gastric ulcer. Chem Biol Interact. 2007; 167(1):71-83.
Bjarnason I, Scarpignato C, Takeuchi K, Rainsford KD. Determinants of the short-term gastric damage caused by NSAIDs in man. J AlimenPharmacolTher. 2007; 26(1):95–106.
Whittle BJR. Gastrointestinal effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. J Fund ClinPharmacol. 2003; 17(3):301–313.
Djahanguiri B, Pousti A, Hemmati M. The Production of Acute Gastric Ulceration by Phenylephrine HC1 in the Rat Phenylephrine-induced Gastric Ulceration More than half a century ago, attention was drawn to the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. Int J ExperClinPharmacol. 1969; 2(4):243–246.
Obiagwu MO, Ihekwereme CP, Ajaghaku DL, Basden F, Okoye C. The Useful Medicinal Properties of the RootBark Extract of Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae) May Be Connected to Antioxidant Activity. ISRN Pharmacol. 2014; 4(1):1-12
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
