Assessment of Pharmacodynamic Interactions and Toxicological Effects of Vernonia amygydalina –Metformin Co-Administration on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats
. http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i12.29
Keywords:
Wistar rats, Hyperglycaemic, Streptozotocin, Metformin, Vernonia amygydalina ExtractsAbstract
Studies have shown an increasing use of herbs concurrently with conventional drugs by patients with diabetes mellitus, with the attendant risks of herb-drug interactions. Hence, this study investigated the possible pharmacological interactions, and toxicological consequences of aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) and metformin co-administered in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Model of type 2 diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by feeding them with high fat diet and a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.). Animals having blood glucose levels > 200 mg/dl after 72 hours were classified as diabetic and were randomly
assigned to one of eleven (11) groups (n=5 rats) to receive VA extract, metformin or combination at various doses. Blood sample was taken for biochemical and haematological tests while Haemoxylin and Eosin (HE) dye was used to assess histological changes. Results showed a non-additive decrease in blood glucose levels in the VA/metformin co-administration compared to VA and metformin alone. The reduction in blood glucose in VA 50 mg/kg, VA/MET 150 mg/kg and VA 100 mg/kg groups ware -51.20%, -53.52% and -59.68%
respectively. There was significant improvement in urea and creatinine levels as well as liver enzymes at all the doses of VA and VA/metformin co-administration. There were no significant histological changes either in the extract or its combination with metformin on the kidney, liver or pancreas. Hence, VA showed a non-additive interaction with metformin to reduce blood glucose levels with no toxicological effects on major organs.
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