Morphological Responses of Cedrus atlantica, Pinus halepensis, and Tetraclinis articulata in Different Pedoclimatic Conditions http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i12.3
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Plants are exposed to a variety of abiotic factors during their growth, such as climatic conditions and soil qualities. These factors have varying effects on the physiological and morphological characteristics of plant species. The present study was aimed at evaluating the physiological and morphological responses of Cedrus atlantica, Pinus halepensis, and Tetraclinis articulata seedlings cultivated in different pedoclimatic conditions. The study was carried out at two sites in central Morocco: Beni Souhane and Taddout. Seedlings of C. atlantica, P. halepensis, and T. articulata were grown in a greenhouse. Stem height, collar diameter, vigor factor, shoot and root dry matter, shoot to root dry matter ratio, and Dickson quality index (DQI) were all measured. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation were used to determine the relationship between variables. The results showed that P. halepensis cultivated in Taddout station had the highest stem height and collar diameter, while T. articulata of the Beni Souhane station was found to have the highest vigor quotient. There was high correlation level of stem height and collar diameter with the DQI, particularly for T. articulata cultivated in Beni Souhane station. The PCA revealed that the T. articulata of Ben Souhane station was found in the positive section of PC1 and characterized by its homogeneity of DQI and ratio. The findings of this study demonstrate the morphological and hysiological elements involved in determining the quality of the plants under study. However, a further in-depth research is required to confirm these results.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Zulfqar F, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Akhtar B, Sharif A, Saleem U. Chemical characterization, antioxidant evaluation, and antidiabetic potential of Pinus gerardiana (Pine nuts) extracts. J Food Biochem. 2020; 44(6):e13199.
Khan MI, Reddy PS, Ferrante A, Khan NA. Plant Signaling Molecules: Role and Regulation under Stressful Environments. Woodhead Publishing; 2019.
Songstad DD, Petolino JF, Voytas DF, Reichert NA. Genome Editing of Plants. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 2017; 36(1):1-23.
Gioia FD, Renna M, Santamaria P. Sprouts, Microgreens and ―Baby Leaf‖ Vegetables. In: Minimally Processed Refrigerated Fruits and Vegetables Food Eng. Ser. 2017; 403–432.
Sher A, Sarwar T, Nawaz A, Ijaz M, Sattar A, Ahmad S. Methods of Seed Priming. In: Priming and Pretreatment of Seeds and Seedlings: Implication in Plant Stress Tolerance and Enhancing Productivity in Crop Plants. (Hasanuzzaman M, Fotopoulos V. eds) Springer: Singapore; 2019; 1–10.
Nie L, Liu H, Zhang L, Wang W. Seed priming: state of the art and new perspectives. Plant Cell Rep 2015; 34(8):1281–1293.
Soares JC, Santos CS, Carvalho SM, Pintado MM, Vasconcelos MW. Preserving the nutritional quality of crop plants under a changing climate: importance and strategies. Plant Soil. 2019; 443(1):1–26.
Yatoo AM, Ali M, Baba ZA, Hassan B. Sustainable management of diseases and pests in crops by vermicompost and vermicompost tea. A review. Agron Sustain Dev. 2021; 41(1):7.
Bayala J, Dianda M, Wilson J, Ouedraogo S, Sanon K. Predicting field performance of five irrigated tree species using seedling quality assessment in Burkina Faso, West Africa. New For. 2009; 38(3):309–322.
Takoutsing B, Tchoundjeu Z, Degrande A, Asaah E, Gyau A, Nkeumoe F, Tsobeng A. Assessing the Quality of Seedlings in Small-scale Nurseries in the Highlands of Cameroon: The Use of Growth Characteristics and Quality Thresholds as Indicators. Small-scale For. 2014; 13(1):65–77.
Lin K-H, Wu C-W, Chang Y-S. Applying Dickson Quality Index, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Leaf Area Index for Assessing Plant Quality of Pentas lanceolata. Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. 2019; 47(1):169–176.
Majeed A, Muhammad Z, Ahmad H. Plant growth promoting bacteria: role in soil improvement, abiotic and biotic stress management of crops. Plant Cell Rep 2018; 37(12):1599–1609.
Vance WH, Milroy SP. Water Acquisition by Roots From the Subsoil: Impact of Physical Constraints on the Dynamics of Water Capture. In: Subsoil Constraints for Crop Production. (Oliveira TS de, Bell RW. eds) Springer International Publishing: Cham. 2022; 323–345;
Lakhiar IA, Gao J, Syed TN, Chandio FA, Buttar NA. Modern plant cultivation technologies in agriculture under controlled environment: a review on aeroponics. J. Plant Interact. 2018; 13(1):338–352.
Chahidi LO, Fossa M, Priarone A, Mechaqrane A. Energy saving strategies in sustainable greenhouse cultivation in the mediterranean climate – A case study. Appl. Energy. 2021; 282:116156.
Chen Q, Bai Z, Zhang X, Wang S. An Intelligent Hydroponic Device for Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. J Sens. 2021; 2021.
Fleischer K, Rammig A, De Kauwe MG, Walker AP, Domingues TF, Fuchslueger L, Garcia S, Goll DS, Grandis A, Jiang M, Haverd V, Hofhansl F, Holm JA, Kruijt B, Leung F, Medlyn BE, Mercado LM, Norby RJ, Randow CV, Quesada CA, Schaap KJ, Valverde-Barrantes CA, Wang YP, Yang X, Zaehle S, Zhu Q, Lapola DM. Amazon Forest response to CO2 fertilization dependent on plant phosphorus acquisition. Nat Geosci 2019;
(9):736–741.
Robinson M, De Souza JG, Maezumi SY, Cárdenas M, Pessenda L, Prufer K, Corteletti R, Scunderlick D, Mayle FE, De Blasis P, Iriarte J. Uncoupling human and climate drivers of late Holocene vegetation change in southern Brazil. Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):7800;
Kour VP and Arora S. Plantae K: A Leaf Database of Native Plants of Jammu and Kashmir. In: Recent Innovations in Computing. (Singh PK, Singh Y, Kolekar MH, et al. eds). Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering Springer: Singapore; 2022; 359–368.
Peñuelas J and Sardans J. Global Change and Forest Disturbances in the Mediterranean Basin: Breakthroughs, Knowledge Gaps, and Recommendations. Forests. 2021; 12(5):603.
Serbouti S, Abbas Y, Ettaqy A, Boukcim H, Achiban H, Abderrazzak B, El Ghachtouli N. Evolution of wildfires, burned areas, and affected species in Middle Atlas forests (Morocco) from 2000 to 2020. Trees, Forests and People 2022; 10:100319.
Binotto AF, Lúcio AD, Lopes SJ. Correlations between growth variables and the Dickson quality index in forest seedlings. Cerne. 2010; 16:457-464.
Dos Reis ER, Lúcio AD, Binotto AF, Lopes SJ. Variabilidade dos parâmetros morfológicos em mudas de Pinus elliottii Engelm. Cerne. 2008; 14(2):141–146.
Gohari G, Alavi Z, Esfandiari E, Panahirad S, Hajihoseinlou S, Fotopoulos V. Interaction between hydrogen peroxide and sodium nitroprusside following chemical priming of Ocimum basilicum L. against salt stress. Physiol. Plant. 2020; 168(2):361–373.
Aberchane M, Fechtal M, Chaouch A. Analysis of Moroccan Atlas Cedarwood Oil (Cedrus atlantica Manetti). J. Essent. Oil Res. 2004; 16(6):542–547.
Wright SJ and Muller-Landau HC. The Future of Tropical Forest Species1. Biotropica 2006; 38(3):287–301.
Campelo F, Ribas M, Gutiérrez E. Plastic bimodal growth in a Mediterranean mixed-forest of Quercus ilex and Pinus halepensis. Dendrochronologia 2021; 67:125836.
Cheddadi R, Henrot AJ, François L, Boyer F, Bush M, Carré M, Coissac E, De Oliveira PE, Ficetola F, Hambuckers A, Huang K. Microrefugia, Climate Change, and Conservation of Cedrus atlantica in the Rif Mountains, Morocco. Front Ecol Evol. 2017;5.
Abel-Schaad D, Iriarte E, López-Sáez JA, Pérez-Díaz S, Sabariego Ruiz S, Cheddadi R, Alba-Sánchez F. Are Cedrus atlantica forests in the Rif Mountains of Morocco heading towards local extinction? The Holocene 2018; 28(6):1023–1037.
Rabhi K, Akli A, Djouhri A, Yahi N, Boudedja S, Messaoudene M. Bilan et croissance des reboisements de cèdre de l’Atlas, Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Carrière, en Algérie : cas du Djurdjura et de l’Atlas blidéen. Bois For. Trop. 2018; 337:3–15.
Taïbi K, Del Campo AD, Vilagrosa A, Bellés JM, López-Gresa MP, Pla D, Calvete JJ, López-Nicolás JM, Mulet JM. Drought Tolerance in Pinus halepensis Seed Sources As Identified by Distinctive Physiological and Molecular Markers. Front. Plant Sci. 2017; 8.
Savas DS, Sevik H, Isinkaralar K, Turkyilmaz A, Cetin M. The potential of using Cedrus atlantica as a biomonitor in the concentrations of Cr and Mn. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2021;28(39):55446–55453.
Slimani S, Derridj A, Gutierrez E. Ecological response of Cedrus atlantica to climate variability in the Massif of Guetiane (Algeria). For. Syst. 2014; 23(3):448–460.
García-Castaño JL, Balao F, Lorenzo MT, Véla E, Hadjadj-Aoul S, Mifsud S, Terrab A. complex genetic structure of Tetraclinis articulata (Cupressaceae) in the western Mediterranean. Bot JLinn. 2021; 197(3):420–438.
Saber M, Menyiy NE, Charfi S, Mrabti HN, Belmehdi O, El Moudden H, Taha D, Omari NE, Balahbib A, Zengin G, Bakha M. Comprehensive Overview On Nutritional, Phytochemistry And Pharmacological Properties Of Tetraclinis Articulata Masters. Food Rev Int. 2022; 0(0):1–62.
Dickson A, Leaf AL, Hosner JF. Quality appraisal of white spruce and white pine seedling stock in nurseries. For Chron.1960; 36(1):10–13.
Johnson JD and Cline ML. Seedling Quality of Southern Pines. In: Forest Regeneration Manual Springer. 1991; 143–159.
Solaiman ZM, Murphy DV, Abbott LK. Biochars influence seed germination and early growth of seedlings. Plant Soil 2012; 353(1):273–287.
Han T, Sun M, Zhao J, Dai C, Li Y, Zhang P, Lang D, Zhou J, Li X, Ge S. The roles of cadmium on growth of seedlings by analysing the composition of metabolites in pumpkin tissues. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021; 226:112817.
Gao C, El-Sawah A, Ali DF. Hamoud YA, Shaghaleh H, Sheteiwy MS. The Integration of Bio and Organic Fertilizers Improve Plant Growth, Grain Yield, Quality and Metabolism of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.). Agronomy 2020; 10(3):319.
Dickson A, Leaf AL, Hosner JF. Seedling quality — soil fertility relationships of white spruce, and red and white pine in nurseries. For. Chron. 1960; 36(3):237–241;
Dushimimana C, Magomere T, Mulatya J, Vandenabeele J, Olubayo F, Smagghe G, Werbrouck SP. Variation of Morphological Traits and Quality Indices of Micropropagated Melia volkensii Gürke Clones before Field Planting. Forests.2022; 13(2):337.
Rahman M, Islam T, Jett L, Kotcon J. Biocontrol agent, biofumigation, and grafting with resistant rootstock suppress soilborne disease and improve yield of tomato in West Virginia. JCrop Prot. 2021; 145:105630;
Hachani C, Lamhamedi MS, Cameselle C, Gouveia S, Zine El Abidine A, Khasa DP, Béjaoui Z. Effects of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Pinus halepensis Seedlings in North Africa. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(12):2033.
Toprak B. Early growth performance of mycorrhizae inoculated Taurus Cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) seedlings in a nursery experiment conducted in inland part of Turkey. J Plant Nutr.2020; 43(2):165–175;
El Bakkali N and Amraoui MB. Morphological and Anatomical Characterization of Ecotype Needles of Cedrus atlantica in Morocco. J For Res. 2022; 2022.
El-Haddadi R, El Mekkaoui A, Zouahri A, Ouazzani Touhami A, Douira A. Effect of growing media on morpho-physiological quality attributes of Tetraclinis articulata seedlings. For SciTechnol. 2022; 18(3):108–117;
Juan-Vicedo J, Serrano-Martínez F, Cano-Castillo M, Casas JL. In Vitro Propagation, Genetic Assessment, and Medium-Term Conservation of the Coastal Endangered Species Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters (Cupressaceae) from Adult Trees. Plants 2022; 11(2):187.
In Vitro Propagation, Genetic Assessment, and Medium-Term Conservation of the Coastal Endangered Species Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters (Cupressaceae) from Adult Trees. Plants 2022; 11(2):187.
ieira LM, Gomes EN, Brown TA, Constantino V, Zanette F. Growth and quality of Brazilian pine tree seedlings as affected by container type and volume. Ornam Hortic. 2019; 25:276–286.
Mañas P, Castro E, de las Heras J. Quality of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) seedlings using waste materials as nursery growing media. New forests. 2009; 37(3):295–311.
Kuan-Hung LIN, Chun-Wei WU, Chang YS. Applying Dickson quality index, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf area index for assessing plant quality of Pentas lanceolata. Not Bot Horti Agrobot. 2019; 47(1):169–176.
Andrews M, Raven JA, Lea PJ, Sprent JI. A Role for Shoot Protein in Shoot–Root Dry Matter Allocation in Higher Plants. Ann Bot. 2006; 97(1):3–10.
González JA, Gallardo M, Hilal MB, Rosa MD, Prado FE. Physiological responses of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) to drought and waterlogging stresses: dry matter partitioning. Bot. Stud. 2009.
Wasson AP, Richards RA, Chatrath R, Misra SC, Prasad SS, Rebetzke GJ, Kirkegaard JA, Christopher J, Watt M. Traits and selection strategies to improve root systems and water uptake in water-limited wheat crops. J Exp Bot. 2012; 63(9):3485–3498.