Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Stem and Root Extracts of Catharanthus roseus Cultivated in Bangladesh
http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i9.20
Keywords:
Phenolic content, Flavonoid content, Cytotoxicity, Catharanthus roseus, Antioxidant activityAbstract
Catharanthus roseus apocynaceae is an important medicinal plant for its traditional uses and a valuable source of new drugs. This research was aimed at comparing the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of different extracts from the stems and roots of C. roseus cultivated in Bangladesh. Chloroform, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol were used to extract the stems and roots of C. roseus. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the various stem and root extracts were evaluated. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of the various extracts.
The results revealed that the chloroform extract of the roots had a moderate TAC with an IC50 value of 93.79 µg/mL when compared to the standard ascorbic acid, while the others had a weak activity. Methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate root extracts had higher TPC with values of 84.87±4.24, 62.20±2.36, and 57.87±3.77 mg/g, respectively, as GAE (gallic acid equivalent). However, the n-hexane extract of the stems had higher TFC with a value of 209.50±1.33 mg/g, equivalent to quercetin. On the other hand, a higher value of TAC (203.38±5.05 mg/g) was obtained for the chloroform extract of the C. roseus roots. There was a significant cytotoxic effect of the n-hexane extracts of stems and roots with LC50 values of 4.51 and 9.54 µg/mL, respectively, compared to the standard vincristine sulfate. According to the findings of this study, Catharanthus roseus roots and stems growing in Bangladesh may possess strong natural
antioxidant and anticancer activities.
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