Experimental Trial of Probiotics as a Treatment for Blastocystis hominis in Mice
http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i9.18
Keywords:
Blastocystis hominis, Probiotics, MetronidazoleAbstract
Blastocystis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infections in humans, with a worldwide distribution. It is a tiny parasite that lives in the gastrointestinal tract. Probiotic bacteria have been found in the feces of some people who have diarrhea, stomach pain, or other gastrointestinal issues. Probiotic bacteria have proven to be effective in treating many digestive diseases, and they stimulate early immunity in children and improve immunity at all ages. The present study aimed to confirm the probiotic role in parasitic diseases, if any. To do so, Blastocystis hominis was used as a model to confirm probiotic effectiveness in parasitic infections. Children with recurrent diarrhoea had their stools sampled as part of an experimental study. After microscopic inspection of all stool samples for Blastocystis hominis and other parasites, isolated Blastocystis hominis was used to infect BALB/C mice. In experimentally infected mice, the effectiveness of metronidazole coupled with probiotics was compared to that of metronidazole alone and probiotics alone.
Compared to the infected group treated with metronidazole and the infected group treated with probiotics, the mean number of cysts in the stools of infected mice significantly decreased in the metronidazole combination probiotics treatment group.
References
Tasic N, Milenkovic T, Bujic V, Zdravkovic D and Tasic A. Blastocystis Hominis: A Mysterious and Commonly Disregarded Parasite. J Med & Biol. 2016; 18(2):3947.
Yan Y, Su S, Lai R, Liao H, Ye J, Li X. Genetic variability of Blastocystis hominis isolates in China. J Parasitol Res. 2006; 99(5):597–601.
Zulfa F, Sari PIP and Kurniawan A. Association of Blastocystis subtypes with diarrhea in children. J. Phys.2017; Conf. Ser. 884 012031.
Hasan WA and Al-Samarrai AM. Evaluation the Effect of Blastocystis Hominis to the Levels of Ghrelin, Growth Hormone and Lipoproteins in Sera of Patients with Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Baghdad. J Medico-legal. 2020; 20(4):721-725.
Mahmood OI and Khudher TA. Diagnostic and Epidemiological study of Blastocystis hominis in Samarra city, Iraq. Tikrit J of Pure Scie. 2016; 21(6):28-31.
Badparva E and Kheirandish F. Blastocystis hominis: A Pathogenic Parasite.J Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 15(4):e97388.
Roberts T, Stark D, Harkness J, Ellis J. Update on the pathogenic potential and treatment options for Blastocystis sp. J Gut Pathogens .2014; 6:17.
Hill D, Sugue I, Tobin C, Hill C,Stanton G and Rostiobacs RP. The Lactobacillus casei group: history and health related applications. J Microbiol. 2018; 9:1-11.
Reda AA. Probiotics for the control of helminth Zoonosis. J Vet Med. 2018; 1-9.
Duc LH, Hong HA, Barbosa, TM, Henriques, AO. Cutting SM. Characterization of Bacillus probiotics available for human use. J Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004; 70(4):2161-2171.
Yoshikawa H, Wu Z, Kimata I. Polymerase chain reactionbased genotype classification among human Blastocystis hominis populations isolated from different countries. J Parasitol Res. 2004; 92(1):22–9.
Rodgers MD, Kirley MD, Ann Mounsey MD. Prescribing an antibiotic? Pair it with probiotics. J Fam Pract. 2013; 62(3):148-150.
Becker K, Tilley L, Vennerstrom JL, Roberts D, Rogerson D, Ginsburg H. Oxidative stress in malaria parasite-infected erythrocytes: host-parasite interactions. Int J Parasitol. 2004; 34(2):163-89.
SPSS 14 (2006). "Statistical Package for Social Science.", SPSS for windows Release 14.0.0, 12 June, 2006. Standard Version, Copyright
Sekar U and Shanthi M. Blastocystis: Consensus of treatment and controversies Trop Parasitol. 2013; 3(1):35–39.
Rajamanikam A, Hooi H S, Kudva M, Samudi Cand Kumar S. Resistance towards metronidazole in Blastocystis sp.: A pathogenic consequence. PloS one. 2019; 14(2):e0212542.
Mohamad A, Osman GY, Zowail MEa, EL-Esawy HM. Effect of Lactobacillus sporogenes (brobiotic) on certain parasitological and molecular aspects in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice J Parasitic Dis. 2016; 40(3):823-832.
Buckova B, Hurnikova Z, Laukova A, Revajova E, Dvoroznakova E. The anti-parasitic effect of probiotic becteria via limiting the fecundity of Trichinella spiralis female adults. J Helminthol. 2018; 55(2):102-111.
Basualdo J, Sparo M, Chiodo P, Ciarmela M, Minvielle M. Oral treatment with a potential probiotic (Enterococcus faecalis CECT 7121) appears to reduuce the parasite burden of mice infected with Toxocara canis. J Ann Trop Med & parasitol, 2007; 101(6):559-562.
Chiodo PG, Sparo M, Pezzani BC, Minvielle MC, Basualdo JA.In vitro and In vivo effects of Enterococcus faecalis CECT 7121 on Toxocara canis. Mem Inst Oswalod Cruz. 2010; 105(5):615-620.
Rajamanikam A, Hooi HS, Kudva M, Samudi C, Kumar S. Resistance towards metronidazole in Blastocystis sp.: A pathogenic consequence. PLoS ONE. 2019; 14(2):e0212542.
Coyle CM, Varughese J, Weiss LM, Tanowitz HB. Blastocystis: to treat or not to treat. J Clin Infec Dis. 2012; 54(1):105-10.
Mirza H, Teo JD, Upcroft J, Tan KS. A rapid, high-throughput viability assay for Blastocystis spp. reveals metronidazole resistance and extensive subtype-dependent variations in drug susceptibilities. Antimicrob Agents Chemo. 2011; 55(2):637– 648.
El-askary MH, Ismail MA, Abu-sarea EY, FaroukEM, El-wakil ES, El-badry MA, Raafat A, Ahmed MM, Ibrahim SS. Silver nanoparticles as a promising treatment for blastocystis hominis in experimentally infected mice. J egypt soc parasitol. 2021; 51(2):343.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
