Antioxidant Activity of Uncaria Gambir (Hunter) Roxb Extracts doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i8.9
Main Article Content
Abstract
Uncaria Gambir is a popular plant in Southeast Asia, used traditionally for healing various diseases. Pharmacologically, U. Gambir has many potentials. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activities of U. Gambir stem extracts (methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane) using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazole-6- sulfonic acid) methods. The results of this study show that methanol extract has the highest antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay with IC50 value of 9.71 µg/mL. In addition, it has the highest ABTS activity with the IC50 value of 6.63 µg/mL. This study showed that the methanol extract of U. Gambir can potentially be used as an antioxidant
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Ngo TC, Mai TVT, Pham TT, Jeremic S, Markovic Z, Huynh LK, Dao DQ. Natural acridones and coumarins as free radical scavengers: Mechanistic and kinetic studies. Chem Phys Lett. 2020; 746(9):137312.
Munné-Bosch S and Pintó-Marijuan M. Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants. Encycl Appl Plant Sci. 2016; 1:16–19.
Poprac P, Jomova K, Simunkova M, Kollar V, Rhodes CJ, Valko M. Targeting Free Radicals in Oxidative Stress-Related Human Diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2017; 38(7):592–607.
Pisoschi AM, Pop A, Iordache F, Stanca L, Predoi G, Serban AI. Oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants - An overview on their chemistry and influences on health status. Eur J Med Chem. 2021; 209(1):112891.
Igwe CU, Onyeagoro EE, Morah AC, Nwaogu LA, Iheme CI, Onwuliri VA. Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Four Medicinal Plants. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2021; 5(11):20372042.
Martelli G and Giacomini D. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds. Eur J Med Chem. 2018; 158(16):91–105.
Gulcin İ. Antioxidants and antioxidant methods: an updated overview. Arch Toxicol. 2020; 94(3):651-715.
Lemmens J, Wulijarni N, Wageningen P. Plant Resources of South-East Asia. 1991; (3):125-127.
Dian H, Dharsono A, Wibisono L, Hayati AT, Apriyanti E, Satari MH, Kurnia D. Mode action prediction of catechin from Uncaria gambir Roxb against UDP‑N‑ acetylenolpyruvyl‑glucosamine reductase (MurB enzyme) of Streptococcus mutans : In silico study. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022; 13(3):197-201.
Yunarto N, Intan PR, Kurniatri AA, Sulistyowati I, Aini N. Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ethyl Acetate Fraction From Uncaria Gambir Leaves Through the Inhibition of Edema, COX-2 and iNOS Expression. Adv Health Sci Res. 2020; 22(Ishr 2019):108–112.
Taniguchi S, Kuroda K, Doi KI, Tanabe M, Shibata T, Yoshida T, Hatano T. Revised structures of gambiriins A1, A2, B1, and B2, chalcane-flavan dimers from gambir (Uncaria gambir extract). Chem Pharm Bull. 2007; 55(2):268-272.
Yimam M, Lee YC, Kim TW, Moore B, Jiao P, Hong M, Kim HJ, Nam JB, Kim MR, Oh JS, Cleveland S, Hyun EJ, Chu M, Jia Q. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of UP3005, a botanical composition Containing two standardized extracts of Uncaria gambir and Morus alba. Pharmacogn Res. 2015; 7(5s):s39–46.
Dewi SRP and Pratiwi A, Teodorus. The effect of Gambier extracts (Uncaria gambir RoxB.) as antiseptic on gingival wound in rats. ODONTO Dent J. 2018; 5(1):80–87.
Syarifah S, Widyawati T, Rita Anggraini D, Sari Wahyuni A, Indah Sari M. Anticancer activity of uncaria gambir roxb on T47D breast cancer cells. J Physics: Conf Ser. 2019; 1317(1):012106.
Yunarto N, Sulistyaningrum N, Kurniatri AA, Elya B. Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) as A Potential Alternative Treatment for Hyperlipidemia. Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. 2021; 31(3):183-192.
M. Jain Kassim, M. Hazwan Hussin, A. Achmad, N. Hazwani Dahon TKS and HSH. Determination of total phenol, condensed tannin and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of Uncaria gambir extracts. Maj Farm Indones. 2011;22(1):50–9.
Melia S, Novia D, Juliyarsi I. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) extracts and their application in rendang. Pak J Nutr. 2015;14(12):938–941.
Amir M, Mujeeb M, Khan A, Ashraf K, Sharma D, Aqil M. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity of Uncaria gambir. Int J Green Pharm. 2012; 6(1):67–72.
Anggraini T, Tai A, Yoshino T, Itani T. Antioxidative activity and catechin content of four kinds of Uncaria gambir extracts from West Sumatra, Indonesia. Afr J Biochem Res. 2011; 5(1):33–38.
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT - Food Sci Technol. 1995; 28(1):25–30.
Dudonné S, Vitrac X, Coutiere P, Woillez M, Merillon JM. Comparative Study of Antioxidant Properties and Total Phenolic Content of 30 Plant Extracts of Industrial Interest Using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC Assays. J Agric Food Chem. 2009; 57(5):1768-1774.
Kristanti AN, Aminah NS, Zahroh FF, Hudaniah KB, Budiman MA, Renaldy R, Indrawan, Alfatsyah R, Wardana AP, Takaya Y. Phytochemistry of Syzygium polycephalum. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2022; 6(5):728–731.
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice- Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999; 26(9–10):1231–1237.
Phongpaichit S, Nikom J, Rungjindamai N, Sakayaroj J, Hutadilok-Towatana N, Rukachaisirikul V, Kirtikara, K. Biological activities of extracts from endophytic fungi isolated from Garcinia plants. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2007; 51(3):517–525.
Arnao MB. Some methodological problems in the determination of antioxidant activity using chromogen radicals: A practical case. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2000; 11(11):419– 421.