Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Stem Bark Extract and Fractions of Pycnanthus angolensis Myristicaceae (Welw) Warb
http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i10.30
Keywords:
Antioxidants,, Phytochemicals,, Pycnanthus angolensis,, 2,2-diphenyl1-1- picrylhydrazyl.Abstract
Pycnanthus angolensis is used extensively in African traditional medicine for treating stress- related ailments. Antioxidants play an essential role in scavenging and inhibiting free radicals and hence protecting human beings against infection and related degenerative diseases. Modern research is directed toward natural antioxidants from medicinal plants due to their safety as therapeutic agents. The present study is aimed at evaluating the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of the stem bark extract and fractions of Pycnanthus angolensis. The phytochemical investigation was performed by using standard protocols. The extract and fractions were investigated for the antioxidant activity with ascorbic acid as the reference standard by using the 2,2-diphenyl1-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in-vitro model. Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extract and solvent fractions of P. angolensis stem bark showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannin, saponin, terpenoids and steroids. The crude methanol extract (ME), hexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EF) and methanol fraction (MF) showed in vitro antioxidant IC50 of 9.44 ± 1.40 µg/mL, 5.47 ± 0.18 µg/mL, 3.86 ± 1.60 µg/mL, 1.09 ± 2.27 µg/mL, 6.89 ± 3.96 µg/mL and 31.33 ± 2.75 µg/mL respectively. The MF, with an IC50 and ARP of 1.09 µg/ml and 91.7% respectively, appeared to provide a starting point for the discovery of potent antioxidant lead compounds from Pycnanthus angolensis.
References
Ayoka TO, Ezema BO, Eze CN, Nnadi CO. Antioxidants for the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. J Expl Res Pharmacol. 2022; 7(3):178-188.
Nnadi CO, Onoja SO, Ezeh GC, Ikpa CB, Ezeja MI, Udem SC, Anaga AO, Asuzu IU. Antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of a dimethoxylated flavone obtained from Helianthus annuusL. leaf extract. Park J Pharmacol. 2020; 37(2):59-69.
Onoja SO, Nnadi CO, Udem SC, Anaga AO. Potential antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of a heliangolide sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Helianthus annuus L. leaves. Acta Pharm. 2020; 70(2):215-226
Ayoka TO, Nwachukwu N, Nnadi CO. Identification of potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective constituents of Vitex doniana by UHPLC/+ESI-QQTOF-Ms/Ms analysis. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2020; 13(8):142-148
Ayoka TO, Ngwu N, Ene AC, Igwe CU, Nnadi CO. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric analyses of potential antioxidant constituents from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides leaves: Probing into the role of alkaloids. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2020; 4(10):817-823.
Abrantes M, Mil-Homens T, Duarte N, Lopes D, Cravo P, do Céu Madureira M, Ferreira MJ. Antiplasmodial activity of lignans and extracts from Pycnanthus angolensis. Planta Medica. 2008; 74(11):1408-1412.
Wabo HK, Tatsimo SN, Tane P, Connolly JD. Pycnanthuquinone C: a new terpenoid-quinone from Pycnanthus angolensis. Planta Medica. 2007; 73(02):187-189.
Chukwudozie IK, Ezeonu IM. Antimicrobial properties and acute toxicity evaluation of Pycnanthus angolensis stem bark. Sci Afr. 2022; 16: e01185.
Agati G, Brunetti C, Fini A, Gori A, Guidi L, Landi M, Sebastiani F, Tattini M. Are flavonoids effective antioxidants in plants? Twenty years of our investigation. Antioxidants. 2020; 9(11):1098.
Atchoglo PK, Amponsah IK, Fokou PV, Harley BK, Baah MK, Armah FA, Adjei S. Anti-Mycobacterium ulcerans activity and pharmacognostic standardisation of Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw) Warb. Sci Afr. 2021; 13:e00935.
Achel DG, Alcaraz-Saura M, Castillo J, Olivares A, Alcaraz M. Radioprotective and antimutagenic effects of Pycnanthus angolensis warb seed extract against damage induced by X rays. J Clin Med. 2019; 9(1):6.
Patricia CE, Ganiyu BA, Benneth BA, Olugbenga IE. Evaluation of the memory-enhancing activity of dichloromethane fraction of the methanolic extract of Pycnanthus angolensis stem bark on experimental models of memory impairment. Drug Res. 2019; 69(10):551-558.
Ulan DE, Nurfadilah N, Syahrir MR, Mismawati A, Torambung AK, Rachmawati M. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts from three Rhizophora species from Bontang waters, Indonesia. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2022; 6(8):1178-1182.
Oladimeji OH, Ahmadu AA. Antioxidant activity of compounds isolated from Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw.) Warb and Byrophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken. Eur Chem Bull. 2019; 8(3):96-100.
Obonga WO, Nnadi CO, Chima CC, Okafor SN, Omeje EO. In-vitro antioxidant and in-vivo anti-inflammatory potential of Marantochloa leucantha (Marantaceae) extracts and fractions. Dhaka Univ J Pharm Sci. 2019; 18(2):233-240.
Obonga WO, Omeje EO, Nnadi CO and Ocheme WG. Phytochemical evaluation of extracts and GC-MS analysis of oil from Monodora myristica seed. Dhaka Univ J Pharm Sci. 2019; 18(1):69-73:
Nwodo NJ, Nnadi CO, Ibezim A, Mbah CJ. Chapter 10: Plants with hypolipidaemic effects from Nigerian flora In: Antioxidant-antidiabetic agents and human health. Intech Open Science. 2014; 241-255.
Soliman MH, Abdulmajeed AM, Alhaithloul H, Alharbi BM, El-Esawi MA., Hasanuzzaman M. and Elkelish A. Saponin biopriming positively stimulates antioxidants defense, osmolytes metabolism and ionic status to confer salt stress tolerance in soybean. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2020; 42(7):1-13.
Agbo MO, Nnadi CO, Ukwueze NN, Okoye FBC. Phenolic constituents from Platycerium bifurcatum and their antioxidant properties. J Nat Prod 2014; 7:48-57
Lv Q, Long J, Gong Z, Nong K, Liang X, Qin T, Huang W, Yang L. Current state of knowledge on the antioxidant effects and mechanisms of action of polyphenolic compounds. Nat Prod Comm. 2021; 16(7):1–13
Ivanova A, Gerasimova E and Gazizullina E. Study of antioxidant properties of agents from the perspective of their action mechanisms. Molecules. 2020; 25(18):4251
Khleifat KM, Qaralleh H, Al-limoun MO, Al-khlifeh EM, Aladaileh SA, Tawarah N, Almajali IS. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of local honey from Jordan. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2021; 5(3):470-477.
Ng ZX, Samsuri SN, Yong PH. The antioxidant index and chemometric analysis of tannin, flavonoid, and total phenolic extracted from medicinal plant foods with solvents of different polarities. J Food Process Preserv. 2020; 44(9):e14680.
Jiang XL, Wang L, Wang EJ, Zhang GL, Chen B, Wang MK, Li F. Flavonoid glycosides and alkaloids from the embryos of Nelumbo nucifera seeds and their antioxidant activity. Fitoter. 2018; 125(3):184-190.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
