Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Stem Bark Extract and Fractions of Pycnanthus angolensis Myristicaceae (Welw) Warb http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i10.30
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Abstract
Pycnanthus angolensis is used extensively in African traditional medicine for treating stress- related ailments. Antioxidants play an essential role in scavenging and inhibiting free radicals and hence protecting human beings against infection and related degenerative diseases. Modern research is directed toward natural antioxidants from medicinal plants due to their safety as therapeutic agents. The present study is aimed at evaluating the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of the stem bark extract and fractions of Pycnanthus angolensis. The phytochemical investigation was performed by using standard protocols. The extract and fractions were investigated for the antioxidant activity with ascorbic acid as the reference standard by using the 2,2-diphenyl1-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in-vitro model. Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extract and solvent fractions of P. angolensis stem bark showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannin, saponin, terpenoids and steroids. The crude methanol extract (ME), hexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EF) and methanol fraction (MF) showed in vitro antioxidant IC50 of 9.44 ± 1.40 µg/mL, 5.47 ± 0.18 µg/mL, 3.86 ± 1.60 µg/mL, 1.09 ± 2.27 µg/mL, 6.89 ± 3.96 µg/mL and 31.33 ± 2.75 µg/mL respectively. The MF, with an IC50 and ARP of 1.09 µg/ml and 91.7% respectively, appeared to provide a starting point for the discovery of potent antioxidant lead compounds from Pycnanthus angolensis.
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