Concentrations of Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1 and Placental Growth Factor Vary between Early- and Late-onset Preeclampsia doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i3.2

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a disease with a high mortality rate. The occurrence of preeclampsia based on onset can be detected by examining the biomarkers consisting of Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1 (Sflt-1) and Placental Growth Factor (PIGF). This study was aimed at determining the concentrations and ratio of Sflt-1 to PIGF in early- and late-onset of preeclampsia. A cross sectional comparative study in General Center Hospital of DR. M. Djamil Padang, Pariaman Regional Hospital, Aisiyah Pariaman Hospital, and Padang Pariaman Regional Hospital was conducted for 2 years. Patients with early- and late-onset preeclampsia who satisfied the inclusion criteria and received treatment in the study sites during that time were recruited. Sampling was consecutive with 28 people per group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate the levels of Sflt-1 and PIGF. Data normality test was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and bivariate analysis with the Mann-Whitney test. The results indicated that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the mean levels of Sflt-1 at the early- and late-onset of preeclampsia with values of 8.69 and 5.61 ng/mL, respectively. Also, a significant difference between the mean early- and late-onset of PIGF levels was observed with values of 54.98 and 228.78 ng/mL, respectively. The mean early-onset of Sflt-1/PIGF ratio was 0.25 ng/mL, while a value of 0.5 ng/mL was recorded for the late-onset. The findings of the study revealed that there are differences in the levels of Sflt-1, PIGF, and the ratio of Sflt-1/PIGF between the early- and late-onset of preeclampsia.