Design, Development and Evaluation of the Repellent Activity of Azadirachta indica Oil-Based Solid Lipid Microparticles against Aedes aegypti (Linn) doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v4i8.24
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Abstract
The use of repellents has shown to be a practical and economical way of preventing mosquitotransmitted diseases. The aim of the study was to design, formulate and characterize Azadirachta indica (neem) oil based solid lipid microparticulate (SLMs) creams and thereafter evaluate its repellent activity against the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The oil was extracted from fresh leaves of Azadirachta indica using a soxhlet apparatus. The solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) were prepared using hot homogenization method. The stability of the formulated SLMs creams was evaluated by measuring the pH and particle size at determined time intervals. The morphology,
encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, FTIR analysis, skin irritation ability and mosquito repellence of the SLMs were also determined. The SLMs composed of both spherical and nonspherical particles and exhibited a slight decrease in the pH and an increase in particle size over time. The neem oil encapsulation efficiency of the SLMs were in the range 52 – 71% while loading capacity were between 2.6 and 10.3 g/100 g lipid. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed no strong chemical interaction(s) between the oil and excipients. The SLMs formulations showed no sign of skin irritation and produced higher and more prolonged
repellence activity than the unformulated oil but lower than the commercial mosquito repellent. The study successfully developed SLMs loaded with Azadirachta indica oil which significantly increased the mosquito repellent activity of the oil and thus represents a possible alternative to synthetic mosquito repellents.
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