Effects of Carica papaya Seeds on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v4i8.23
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Abstract
Acetaminophen is an analgesic drug used commonly in clinics. However, it causes acute liver failure with continuous overdose. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Carica papaya seeds on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control group (NC), positive control (PC), 1000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of nine animals each. The PC, 1000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg groups were given a dose of acetaminophen (2500 mg/kg b.w) orally, and after day three, three rats (n=3) were taken at random from each group and serum enzymes activity levels of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assessed to ascertain hepatotoxicity. Afterwards, rats were treated with Carica papaya seeds extract (1000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) for fourteen days. The rats were euthanized, plasma collected and analysed for biochemical parameters, while liver tissues were examined for histopathological changes. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in ALT, gamma-glutamyl transferase (ɤ-GT), globulin and reduction in Malondiadehyde.(MDA) concentrations in both 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg groups compared to the PC group. However, serum albumin, total protein and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased toward normal level in the treated groups. Histopathological studies showed improvement in the liver architecture in the 500 mg/kg group. The increase in endogenous antioxidants and reduction in lipid peroxidation observed in this study suggests that Carica papaya seeds extract can be used as a natural antioxidant in handling liver injury potentiated by acetaminophen overdose.
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