CD4+ T- Lymphocyte Values, Bloodstream Bacterial Isolates and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Uyo, Nigeria doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v4i9.20
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Abstract
Studies on HIV infections have been widely reported in Nigeria, yet there are paucity of data regarding CD4+ values and bacteremia among HIV infected patients. This study determined CD4+ Tlymphocyte values and provided information on antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria from blood of HIV infected patients. Socio-demographic characteristics of subjects were obtained via questionnaires. CD4+ values of subjects were obtained using Pima TM Analyzer. Bacteriological analysis of blood was carried out using Oxoid Signal blood culture bottles system and bacteriological agar. The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of isolates were determined by disc diffusion techniques. The HIV infection was highest and lowest among subjects aged 31–40 yrs and ≤ 20 yrs, respectively. There was a significant
difference in HIV prevalence among subjects based on educational and marital status at p < 0.005. The CD4+ T-lymphocyte values ranged from ≤ 100 to ≥ 800 cells /uL. Thirty-three samples had positive bacterial growth and bacterial genera obtained were Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Proteus, Salmonella and Escherichia. Streptococcus pneumoniae and coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp exhibited ≥71.4% sensitivity to Doxycycline and Azithromycin, ≤ 42.8% S. pneumoniae were Penicillin resistant, between 80 and 100% S. aureus, Bacillus spp, E. coli and Acinetobacter spp showed sensitivity to Tobramycin, while P. aeruginosa were highly resistant to Ceftriaxone. This study showed that blood stream infections among HIV infected patients with CD4+ T-lymphocyte values ranging from ≤ 100 and ≥ 800 cells/µL were caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, predominantly S. aureus and CoN Staphylococcus spp.
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