Evaluation of Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Methanol Extract of The Leaf of Margaritaria discoidea
Article Sidebar
Views | PDF/EPUB Downloads:
180
/ 85
/ 41
Main Article Content
Abstract
Margaritaria discoidea leaves are used traditionally in the treatment of diarrhoea. The study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrhoea activity of the methanol extract of the leaves of M. discoidea. The fresh leaves of M. discoidea were collected, dried, and authenticated. The acute toxicity effect was determined using the castor oil-induced protocol. The plant extract was given orally at 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Loperamide was used at 2 mg/kg body weight orally as a positive control standard. Male adult albino Wistar rats (180-256 g) consisting of thirty (30) rats divided into six (6) groups of five (5) rats each, were acclimatized for 7 days in a standard animal house and then exposed to 12 h light and dark cycle at 25 ºC and humidity of 55 %, with free access to water and feed, were used in this experiment. The effects of M. discoidea methanol leaf extract on the number and total faecal output (NTF), number and weight faecal output (NWF), weight of the wet faecal output (WWF), and weight of total faecal output (WTF) on castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats indicated that the rats pretreated with the vehicle (Tween 80) and administered with castor oil showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher rate of WWF in 2, 3 and 4 h post treatment. The crude extract significantly reduced the NWF output as the dose of the extract increased, with an increase in post-treatment time compared to the vehicle pretreated group.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
⦁ Gomez-Escudero O, Remes-Troche JM. Approach to the adult patient with chronic diarrhoea. A literature review. Rev Gastroenterol Mex. 2021; 86 (4):387-402. Doi: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.08.007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.08.007
⦁ Burgers K, Lindberg B, Bevis ZJ. Chronic diarrhoea in adults: evaluation and differential diagnosis. Am Fam Phys. 2020; 101: 472-480
⦁ Huang Z, Liu X, Yang F. Diagnostic efficacy of double balloon enteroscopy in patients with suspected isolated small bowel Crohn's disease. BMC Gastroenterol. 2020; 20: 30-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-020-01188-0
⦁ Villavicencio F, Perin J, Eilerts-Spinelli H, Yeung D, Prieto-Merino D, Hug L. Global, regional and national causes of death in children and adolescents younger than 20 years. An open data portal with estimates. Lancet Glob Health. 2024; 12(1): 16-27 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00496-5
⦁ Black RE, Perin J, Yeung D, Rajeev T, Miller J, Elwood SE. Estimated global and regional causes of deaths from diarrhoea in children younger than 5 years: a systematic review and Bayesian multinational analysis. Lancet Glob Health, 2024; 12 (6): 919-928 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(24)00078-0
⦁ Flynn TG, Olortegui MP, Kosek MN. Viral gastroenteritis. Lancet Lond Engl. 2024; 2:862-876. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02037-8
⦁ Zhang X, Das S, Dunbar S, Tang YW. Molecular and non-molecular approaches to etiologic diagnosis of gastroenteritis. Adv Clin Chem. 2020; 99: 49-85 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2020.02.007
⦁ Yoon SH, Kim HR, Ahn JG. Diagnostic accuracy of immune-chemotographic Tests for the Detection of Norovirus in Stool Specimens. A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microbiol Spectr. 2021; 9:421-437 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00467-21
⦁ Arostegui D, Wallach T. The cutting edge of gastroenteritis. Advances in Understanding an Enteric Infection. J. Pediatr Gastro Enterol Nutr. 2022; 2:180-185 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000003304
⦁ Dhingra U, Kisenge R, Sudfeld CR, Dhingra P, Somji S, Dutta A. Lower-Dose Zinc for childhood Diarrhoea-A randomized Multicenter Trial. N. Engl J. Med. 2020; 13:1231-1241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1915905
⦁ Toro EM, Ignorosak K, Loredo A, Palacio B, Cervantes B, Ramirez M. Gut Microbiota in Mexican Children with Acute Diarrhoea. An Observational Study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021; 8:704-715. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003128
⦁ Becker-Dreps S, Gonzalez F, Bucardo F. An emerging cause of childhood diarrhoea. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2020; 5:388-397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000671
⦁ Woldeab B, Regassa R, Alemu T, Megersa M. Medicinal plants used for treatment of diarrhoeal-related diseases in Ethiopia, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018; 10: 463-471. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4630371. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4630371
⦁ Addis G, Abebe D, Urga K. A survey of traditional medicinal plants in Shirka District, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. Ethiop Pharmaceut J. 2001; 19: 30–47.
⦁ Adedapo AA, Sofidiya MO, Afolayan AJ. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the aqueous extracts of Margariteria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark in experimental animal models. Revista Biologia Tropical. 2009; 4:1193-1200.
⦁ Trease GE and Evans WC. Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy. 4thEdn. W. B. Saunders, USA, 2002. 820 –835 p.
⦁ Ayalew M, Bekele A, Mengistie MG, Atnafie SA. Evaluation of the antidiarrhoeal activity of 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of the leaf of Bersama abyssinica fresen (Melianthaceae) in mice, BMC Complement Med Ther. 2022; 22:1-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03498-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03498-6
⦁ Regassa R. Assessment of indigenous knowledge of medicinal plant practice and mode of service delivery in Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia. J. Med. Plants Res. 2013; 7: 517–535. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR012.1126
⦁ Asefa M, Teshome N, Degu A. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of methanolic root extract of Verbascum sinaiticum Benth, J. Inflamm. Res. 2022; 15:6381–6392. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S389430. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S389430
⦁ Nwafor FI, Okonta E, Udodeme H, Ugorji C, Inya-Agha S, Odoh UE. Botanical Evaluation, GC-MS Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Leaves of Lasimorpha senegalensis Schott (Araceae). Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2024; 8(4):6981-6988. Doi:https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i4.32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i4.32
⦁ Lorke D. A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Arch Toxicol. 1983;54(4):275-287. Doi: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/bf01234480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01234480
⦁ Awouters F, Niemegeers CJ, Kuyps J, Janseen, P. Loperamide antagonism of castor-oil induced diarrhoea in rats: a phantiteltitive study. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1975; 1:29-37.
⦁ Dosso K, Nguessan BB, Bidie AP, Gnangoran BN, Meite S, Nguessan D, Yapo AP, Ehile EE. Antidiarrhoeal activity of an ethanol extract of the stem bark of Piliostigma reticulatum (Caesalpiniaceae) in rats, Afr J Tradit., Complementary Altern. Med. 2011; 9 (2): 242–249. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v9i2.9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v9i2.9
⦁ Ghayur MN, Khan H, Gilani A.H. Antispasmodic, bronchodilator and vasodilator activities of (+)-catechin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, Arch Pharm. Res. (Seoul) 2007; 30 (8):970–975. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02993965 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02993965
⦁ Margaret O, Calistus O, Ikeoluwa S, Toyin O. Gastroprotective and antioxidant potentials of ethanolic stem bark extract of Margaritaria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015; 171: 240-246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.059
⦁ Adedapo, A.A., Sofidiya, M.O., Afolayan, A.J. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the aqueous extracts of M. discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark in experimental animal models. Revista of Biol. Tropica 2009; 57, 1193–1200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v57i4.5456
⦁ Ugochi NO, Obinna OM, Onyebuchi OJ. Ameliorative Effects of Ethyl acetate Fraction of Millettia aboensis Stem Bark on Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Rats. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2020; 4(8):451-454. Doi: doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v4i8.21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v4i8.21
⦁ Agbor G.A, L´eopold T, Jeanne NY. The antidiarrhoeal activity of Alchornea cordifolia leaf extract, Phytother Res. 2004; 18 (11): 873–876. Doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1002/ptr.1446. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1446
⦁ Niemegeers CJ, Awouters F, Janssen PA. The castor oil test in rats: an in vivo method to evaluate antipropulsive and antisecretory activity of antidiarrheals.Drug Dev. Res. 1984; 4 (2): 223–227. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ddr.430040211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ddr.430040211
⦁ Mascolo N, Izzo AA, Barbato F,. Capasso F. Inhibitors of nitric oxide synthetase prevent castor-oil-induced diarrhoea in the rat. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1993; 108 (4): 861–864. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13478.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13478.x