Phytochemical and Antiproliferative Effect of Indigofera stenophylla Guil. And Perr. (Fabaceae) Against 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene induced Breast Tumor in Rats

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Published: Mar 28, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i3.48
Keywords:
Indigofera stenophylla, oxidative Stress, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory

Main Article Content

Abdulrazaq Sanusi
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bauchi State University, Gadau, Nigeria
Muhammad K. Yahaya
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Bauchi State University
Halimatu S. Hassan
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Muhammad G. Magaji
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Aliyu M. Musa
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Taibat M. Bakare-Odunola
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Ngaitad S. Njinga
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Oluwasegun I. Eniayewu
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Sa’ad T. Abdullahi
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Amina J. Yusuf
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto
Garba Dauda
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Abdulhakim Abubakar
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Zahatu Muhammad
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

Abstract

Breast cancer is a serious public health issue. Chemotherapy is clinically employed, and herbal medicines provide an alternative therapeutic option. Indigofera stenophylla is traditionally used for the management of breast cancer. Although it is yet to be validated, this study investigated the photochemistry and antiproliferative effect of methanol aerial parts extract of Indigofera stenophylla (MAEIS) against 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced breast tumors in rats. Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard procedures. Using Lorke’s approach, the oral median lethal dose for MAEIS was determined. A single intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg DMBA was used to establish a breast tumor in a female Wistar rats. Tumor growth, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and histological profiles were measured and evaluated. The MAEIS indicated the presence of alkaloids, steroids, triterpenes, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, and saponins. The oral median lethal dose was 2,154 mg/kg. MAEIS significantly (p<0.01) reduced tumor volume in a dose dependent manner. It also attenuates DMBA-induced increases in the malondialdehyde, tumor necrotic factor-alpha, and nitric oxide levels while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities (p<0.01). Histology showed that MAEIS ameliorates breast tissue damage. Methanol aerial parts extract of Indigofera stenophylla contains phytochemicals with antiproliferative properties against breast tumors in rats. Mechanistically, it may possibly act via anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, supporting its ethno-medicinal use for breast tumor treatment. 

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Sanusi, A., Yahaya, M. K., Hassan, H. S., Magaji, M. G., Musa, A. M., Bakare-Odunola, T. M., Njinga, N. S., Eniayewu, O. I., Abdullahi, S. T., Yusuf, A. J., Dauda, G., Abubakar, A., & Muhammad, Z. (2025). Phytochemical and Antiproliferative Effect of Indigofera stenophylla Guil. And Perr. (Fabaceae) Against 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene induced Breast Tumor in Rats. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 9(3), 1248 – 1255. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v9i3.48
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Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR)
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Articles
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Abdulrazaq Sanusi, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bauchi State University, Gadau, Nigeria

Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria

Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

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