Evaluation of the Stability of Argan Oil Nanoemulsions Formulated and Optimized through Experimental Design for Dermatological Applications

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Published: Dec 29, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i12.9
Keywords:
Box-Behnken, Response surface methodology, Low-energy emulsification, Argan oil, Nanoemulsions

Main Article Content

Yousra Mdarhri
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco 
Ikram Bouziane
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco 
Narjisse Mokhtari
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco 
Lama Rissouli
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco 
Ahmed Touhami
Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA 
Fakhita Touhami
Information and Communication Systems Department, National School of Applied Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco 
Mohamed Chabbi
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco 

Abstract

Argan oil is a highly sought-after natural product renowned for its therapeutic and rejuvenating properties. This study focused on harnessing its dermatological bioactivity by developing stable nanoemulsions through a simple low-energy method using a single non-ionic surfactant. The composition and properties of Argan oil were analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography (GC), and quality indexes, adhering to international standards. The effect of system composition on stability was evaluated using a pseudo-ternary phase diagram and Phase Inversion Composition (PIC) emulsification technique. Optimal process parameters for producing stable nanoemulsion were determined through Response Surface Methodology (RSM) analysis. The resulting nanoemulsions were characterized for storage stability, average droplet size, and Polydispersity Index (PDI) using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of Argan oil were identified, including a total tocopherol content of 841 ±35 mg/kg and a total phenolic content of 83.81 ±0.71 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) per kg of oil, highlighting its dermatological potential. The ideal composition was established, and phase behavior was monitored alongside process parameters to ensure the formation of stable nanoemulsion. Stability analysis confirmed the physical stability of the nanoemulsion over time under various storage conditions. Size analysis revealed a small average droplet size (130.154 ±0.115 nm) and a narrow droplet size distribution (0.019 ±0.003 nm). The low-energy PIC emulsification method successfully produced stable Argan oil nanoemulsions using low-speed stirring and a single non-ionic surfactant, requiring no additional compounds.

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How to Cite
Mdarhri, Y., Bouziane, I., Mokhtari, N., Rissouli, L., Touhami, A., Touhami, F., & Chabbi, M. (2024). Evaluation of the Stability of Argan Oil Nanoemulsions Formulated and Optimized through Experimental Design for Dermatological Applications . Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 8(12), 9414 – 9421. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i12.9
Issue
Vol. 8 No. 12 (2024): Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR)
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Articles
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Mdarhri, Y., Bouziane, I., Mokhtari, N., Rissouli, L., Touhami, A., Touhami, F., & Chabbi, M. (2024). Evaluation of the Stability of Argan Oil Nanoemulsions Formulated and Optimized through Experimental Design for Dermatological Applications . Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 8(12), 9414 – 9421. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i12.9

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