Ameliorative Effects of Calcium-Based Supplements on Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Organ Injury in Rats
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Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG), is the sodium salt of the amino acid; glutamic acid. MSG is known to improve food flavours, yet it poses significant health risks to consumers. This study aims to explore the potential ameliorative effect of calcium-based supplements against MSG-induced organ damage in rats. The experiment was divided into two phases; Phase I (Pre-MSG induction), and Phase II (Post-MSG induction). Ninety-six (96) female Wistar rats weighing between 100 and 120 g were allotted into five groups of nine rats each in each of the two phases. A daily dose of 750 mg/kg of MSG was administered intraperitoneally to the rats to induce tissue injury. Calcium-based supplements, including calcium, calcium D-glucarate, and the combination of both were administered to the rats prior to MSG exposure (Phase I), and after MSG exposure (Phase II). After 14, 28, and 42 days of treatment, the rats in both phases were sacrificed, and selected organs (brain, liver, and uterus) were harvested, and used for biochemical analysis, focusing on antioxidants biomarkers including catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results indicated that the pre- and post-administration of calcium-based supplements significantly mitigated MSG-induced tissue damage by increasing catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, and decreased MDA levels, particularly in the brain and liver both pre- and post-administration, suggesting a potential protective effect against MSG-induced organ injury by enhancing endogenous antioxidant activity. In conclusion, the findings from this study suggest that calcium-based supplements may offer protection against MSG-induced organ damage by modulating antioxidant mechanisms.
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