Effects of Mimosa pudica Extract on Asthma Biomarkers and Fetal Development in Pregnant Rats
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Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease that affects approximately 12% of pregnant women annually, with the highest prevalence reaching 16%. During pregnancy, asthma can lead to complications such as premature birth, low birth weight, congenital abnormalities, respiratory issues, jaundice, gestational diabetes, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), gestational hypertension, premature rupture of membranes, placental abruption, and placenta previa. This study aims to evaluate the potential of ethanol extract of Mimosa pudica (EEMP) in pregnant rat models with asthma. The biomarkers assessed included immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) through ELISA examination, as well as airway remodeling through lung tissue histopathology and fetal morphometry through measurements of weight and body length. EEMP significantly reduced serum IgE levels (p < 0.001), serum histamine levels (p < 0.001), serum SOD levels (p < 0.001), bronchial epithelial cell proliferation (p < 0.001), and lung inflammation (p < 0.001). It also significantly increased serum IGF-1 levels (p < 0.001), fetal body weight (p < 0.001), and fetal body length (p < 0.001). While EEMP shows promise as a potential therapy for pregnant women with asthma, further toxicity testing is needed before clinical use.
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