LC-MS Analysis and Biological Potential of the Peel Extracts of Citrus aurantium Grown in Jordan
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Abstract
Citrus species are well-known for their applications in medicine and cosmetics. Citrus aurantium is a promising natural source of biologically active constituents such as phenolics and flavonoids. Water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts, prepared from the fruit peels of C. aurantium, were phytochemically and biologically evaluated. Total phenol content (TPC) was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and total flavonoid content (TFC) by the aluminum chloride (AlCl3) colorimetric method. The micro-titer plate dilution method was applied to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and cell viability was assessed utilizing MTT. Ethyl acetate extract exerted the highest TPC and TFC (110.8 mg and 52.1 mg, respectively). Tested cancer cell lines and microorganisms showed high sensitivity to the ethyl acetate extract. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) of this extract revealed the presence of naringin, eriodictyol-7-neohesperidoside and hesperidin as the major constituents. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed also potent antioxidant capacity against DPPH radicals with respective IC50 values of 102.21 µg/mL and 110.89 µg/mL. The findings demonstrated that ethyl acetate extract of the peels of C. aurantium, grown in Jordan, possesses substantial antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activities
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