Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Anti-Ageing Polyherbal Powdered Facial Mask
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Facial mask plays an important role in skincare routines due to its immediate effect on the skin and ease of use. Consumer awareness of the adverse effects of synthetic ingredients encourages the development of green cosmetics to meet consumer demand and achieve sustainability. Hence, facial masks without synthetic ingredients would gain more public preference. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a new polyherbal powdered facial mask for anti-ageing effects. The polyherbal powdered facial mask was formulated using tomato powder, turmeric powder, and chickpea flour. The polyherbal powdered facial mask and the marketed mask were evaluated for organoleptic characteristics, particle size, pH, spreadability, flowability, and loss on drying. Heavy metal tests and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay were also conducted for the polyherbal mask. The polyherbal mask was cosmetically acceptable and skin-friendly due to its optimal pH (5.31 ± 0.13), spreadability (100 g: 3.93 ± 0.05 cm; 200 g: 4.37 ± 0.17 cm), flowability (angle of repose: 35.47 ± 1.90⁰; bulk density: 0.36 ± 0.03 g/cm3; Hausner's ratio: 1.00 ± 0.0001; Carr's index: 0.25 ± 0.01%) and water content (LOD: 0.90 ± 0.08%). Heavy metal tests demonstrated that the polyherbal mask was free from cadmium and lead. In addition, turmeric contributes to the antioxidant activity of the polyherbal mask. In conclusion, the polyherbal powdered facial mask is a safe and effective alternative to the marketed mask for anti-ageing effects.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Alves TFR, Morsink M, Batain F, Chaud MV, Almeida T, Fernandes DA, da Silva CF, Souto EB, Severino P. Applications of natural, semi-synthetic, and synthetic polymers in cosmetic formulations. Cosmetics. 2020;7(4):75.
Dini I, Laneri S. The new challenge of green cosmetics: Natural food ingredients for cosmetic formulations. Molecules. 2021;26(13):3921.
Nilforoushzadeh MA, Amirkhani MA, Zarrintaj P, Moghaddam AS, Mehrabi T, Alavi S, Sisakht MM. Skin care and rejuvenation by cosmeceutical facial mask. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018;17(5):693–702.
de Souza Silva FK, Costa-Orlandi CB, Fernandes MA, Pegorin Brasil GS, Mussagy CU, Scontri M, da Silva Sasaki JC, de Sousa Abreu AP, Guerra NB, Floriano JF, de Mendonça RJ, Caetano GF, Farhadi N, Gómez A, Huang S, Farias AM, Primo FL, Li B, Fusco-Almeida AM, Dokmeci MR, Jucaud V, Mendes-Giannini MJS, Cardoso MR, Herculano RD. Biocompatible anti-aging face mask prepared with curcumin and natural rubber with antioxidant properties. Int J Biol Macromol. 2023;242:124778.
Grand View Research. Natural skin care products market size, share & trends analysis report by type (mass, premium), by product (facial care, body care), by end-use (men, women), by distribution channel, by region, and segment forecasts, 2022 - 2030. [Online]. 2021 [cited 2024 Aug 9]. Available from: https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/natural-skin-care-products-market
Balwierz R, Biernat P, Jasińska-Balwierz A, Dawid S, Kusakiewicz-Dawid A, Kurek-Górecka A, Olczyk P, Ochędzan-Siodłak W. Potential carcinogens in makeup cosmetics. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(6):4780.
Swanson C, Deng D, Robinson L, Raleigh P. Topical turmeric extract in a moisturizing cream formula reduces the appearance of facial spots and fine lines and wrinkles on human facial skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;62(3):AB19.
Tu CX, Lin M, Lu SS, Qi XY, Zhang RX, Zhang YY. Curcumin inhibits melanogenesis in human melanocytes. Phyther Res. 2012;26(2):174–179.
Mari Selvam R, Ranjit Singh AJA, Kalirajan K. Anti-microbial activity of turmeric natural dye against different bacterial strains. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2012;2(6):210–212.
Tilak JC, Banerjee M, Mohan H, Devasagayam TPA. Antioxidant availability of turmeric in relation to its medicinal and culinary uses. Phyther Res. 2004;18(10):798–804.
Sarafian G, Afshar M, Mansouri P, Asgarpanah J, Raoufinejad K, Rajabi M. Topical turmeric microemulgel in the management of plaque psoriasis: A clinical evaluation. Iran J Pharm Res. 2015;14(3):865–876.
Kaur CD, Saraf S. Topical vesicular formulations of Curcuma longa extract on recuperating the ultraviolet radiation-damaged skin. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2011;10(4):260–265.
Tan PL, Rajagopal M, Chinnappan S, Selvaraja M, Leong MY, Tan LF, Yap VL. Formulation and physicochemical evaluation of green cosmeceutical herbal face cream containing standardized mangosteen peel extract. Cosmetics. 2022 Apr 27;9(3):46.
Nadia S, Hamza EF, Asma H, Abdelhamid Z, Lhoussaine ER. Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used for cosmetic purposes in the Fez-Meknes region. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2023;7(11):5135–5154.
Grasso N, Lynch NL, Arendt EK, O’Mahony JA. Chickpea protein ingredients: A review of composition, functionality, and applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2022;21(1):435–452.
Codex alimentarius: Dispositions générales. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 1999. 412–422.
World Health Organization. Quality control methods for medicinal plant materials. [Online]. 1998 [cited 2023 Sep 23]. Available from:
https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/44479/9789241500739_eng.pdf
Mogana R, Teng-Jin K, Wiart C. Anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, and antioxidant potential of scopoletin isolated from Canarium patentinervium Miq. (Burseraceae Kunth). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:734824.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Guidance document on acute inhalation toxicity testing. [Online]. 2009 [cited 2023 Sep 20]. Available from: https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/iccvam/suppdocs/feddocs/oecd/oecd-gd39.pdf
Bach S, Schmidt E. Determining the dustiness of powders - A comparison of three measuring devices. Ann Occup Hyg. 2008;52(8):717–725.
Steiling W, Almeida JF, Vandecasteele HA, Gilpin S, Kawamoto T, O’Keeffe L, Pappa G, Rettinger K, Rothe H, Bowden AM. Principles for the safety evaluation of cosmetic powders. Toxicol Lett. 2018;297:8–18.
Lambers H, Piessens S, Bloem A, Pronk H, Finkel P. Natural skin surface pH is on average below 5, which is beneficial for its resident flora. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(5):359–370.
Ali SM, Yosipovitch G. Skin pH: From basic science to basic skin care. Acta Derm Venereol. 2013;93(3):261–267.
Salmannejad F, Hoda Q, Ghari T. Formulation, characterization and optimization of peel-off gel of soybean extract as a face mask. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2024;8(3):6544–6551.
Hariyadi DM, Isnaeni I, Sudarma S, Shandra NMK, Rosita N. Formulation of peel-off mask containing natural antibacterial: Study on poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) contents. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2021;5(3):514–518.
Ajazuddin, Saraf S. Evaluation of physicochemical and phytochemical properties of Safoof-E-Sana, a Unani polyherbal formulation. Pharmacogn Res. 2010;2(5):318–322.
World Health Organization. Mercury and health. [Online]. 2017 [cited 2023 Sep 30]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mercury-and-health
Poljšak B, Dahmane R. Free radicals and extrinsic skin aging. Dermatol Res Pract. 2012;2012:135206.