Effects of Oven-Drying on the Phytochemical and Phenolic Acid Contents of Ethanol Extracts of the Root, Stalk and Leaves of Cymbopogon citratus

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Published: Sep 1, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i8.31%20
Keywords:
Phenolic compounds, Medicinal plants, Lemon grass, High-performance liquid chromatography, Drying methods

Main Article Content

Dilibe C. Urama
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Eugene O. Ojua
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Uchenna C. Egedigwe
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Clara N. Ikegbunam
Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra state, Nigeria
Anthony E. Nweze
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Ebere U. Njoku
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Chidera V. Odo
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Hyacinth C. Obayi
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Marcelus C. Ezema
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria
Angela N. Amujiri
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu State- Nigeria

Abstract

Drying techniques play vital roles in the post-harvest processing of medicinal plants because they control microbial growth and enzymatic breakdown of plant nutrients. Cymbopogon citratus possesses diverse medicinal values in different cultures. However, little is known about the effect of drying methods on the phytochemical and phenolic acid content of lemongrass. The study comparatively evaluated the effect of drying methods on phytochemical and phenolic acids in the stalk, root and leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus. The phytochemical test was done by standard techniques while the phenolic acids were analyzed by the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. The presence of flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, phenols, and tannins was detected via qualitative phytochemical analyses. The results of the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed that the concentrations of terpenoids (2.63 to 2.00 mgLI/g extract) and saponins (4.60 to 3.79 mg DE/g extract) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in all oven-dried samples. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids contents of shade- and oven-dried samples. The HPLC analysis of phenolic acids revealed higher concentrations of total phenolic (0.09 vs 25.35 mg GAE/g extract), caffeic (1.0 x 10-4 vs 4.5 x 10-4 mg/g extract) and coumaric (1.9 x 10-4 vs 4.5 x 10-4 mg/g extract) acids in the oven-dried compared with shade-dried samples. The study showed that the variations in the phytochemical and phenolic acids constituents of shade- and oven-dried tissues of C. citratus may provide useful data germane for determining lead compounds during post-harvest processing.

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How to Cite
Urama, D. C., Ojua, E. O., Egedigwe, U. C., Ikegbunam, C. N., Nweze, A. E., Njoku, E. U., Odo, C. V., Obayi, H., Ezema, M. C., & Amujiri, A. N. (2024). Effects of Oven-Drying on the Phytochemical and Phenolic Acid Contents of Ethanol Extracts of the Root, Stalk and Leaves of Cymbopogon citratus. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 8(8), 8131-8137. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i8.31
Issue
Vol. 8 No. 8 (2024): Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR)
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Articles
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Urama, D. C., Ojua, E. O., Egedigwe, U. C., Ikegbunam, C. N., Nweze, A. E., Njoku, E. U., Odo, C. V., Obayi, H., Ezema, M. C., & Amujiri, A. N. (2024). Effects of Oven-Drying on the Phytochemical and Phenolic Acid Contents of Ethanol Extracts of the Root, Stalk and Leaves of Cymbopogon citratus. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 8(8), 8131-8137. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i8.31

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